{ "dataset": "firearms", "license": "LawLert Open Law Data — CC BY 4.0. Attribute to \"LawLert (https://www.lawlertapp.com)\". General legal information from official sources, not legal advice. Verify against the linked official source before relying on it.", "generated": "2026-08-20T02:10:01.124Z", "count": 408, "rules": [ { "jurisdiction_id": "ak", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.concealed_carry", "status": "permitted", "summary": "Permitless (constitutional) carry: no permit required for anyone 21+ who may lawfully possess a firearm. Optional permit available for reciprocity.", "source_url": "https://dps.alaska.gov/Statewide/R-I/PermitsLicensing/ConcealedHandguns", "verified_at": "2026-06-29" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "ak", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.duty_to_inform", "status": "conditional", "summary": "YES — proactive duty. Anyone carrying a concealed deadly weapon who is contacted by a peace officer must immediately inform the officer of the weapon without being asked, and allow the officer to secure it for the contact (AS 11.61.220(a)(1)); failure is fifth-degree weapons misconduct. Applies to all concealed carriers in this permitless-carry state.", "source_url": "https://dps.alaska.gov/wp-content/uploads/2026/04/Firearms-DPS-Frequenty-Asked-Questions-Revised-9-07-18.pdf", "verified_at": "2026-07-18" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "ak", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.possession", "status": "permitted", "summary": "Alaska has no red-flag law (also called an Extreme Risk Protection Order, or ERPO), no assault-weapon ban, and no restrictions on magazines.", "source_url": "https://dps.alaska.gov/Statewide/R-I/PermitsLicensing/ConcealedHandguns", "verified_at": "2026-05-31" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "ak", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.open_carry", "status": "permitted", "summary": "Open carry of a handgun is allowed in Alaska without a permit for anyone 21 or older who is legally entitled to possess a firearm.", "source_url": "https://dps.alaska.gov/Statewide/R-I/PermitsLicensing/ConcealedHandguns", "verified_at": "2026-05-31" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "ak", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.reciprocity", "status": "info", "summary": "Honors all states' valid concealed-handgun permits. Alaska is also permitless/constitutional carry.", "source_url": "https://dps.alaska.gov/statewide/concealed-handgun-permits/", "verified_at": "2026-05-31" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "ak", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.suppressor", "status": "conditional", "summary": "Legal when federally registered. Under AS 11.61.200 a suppressor is a prohibited weapon, but NFA registration is a statutory affirmative defense, so a properly registered suppressor is lawful. Legal for hunting.", "source_url": "https://www.akleg.gov/basis/statutes.asp?media=print&secStart=11.61.200&secEnd=11.61.200", "verified_at": "2026-07-18" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "ak", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.magazine_capacity", "status": "permitted", "summary": "No state limit. Alaska does not restrict magazine capacity.", "source_url": "https://dps.alaska.gov/Statewide/R-I/PermitsLicensing/ConcealedHandguns", "verified_at": "2026-05-31" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "ak", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.transport", "status": "permitted", "summary": "No permit required; a loaded or unloaded handgun may be carried (including concealed) in a private vehicle by anyone 21+ who may lawfully possess it.", "source_url": "https://dps.alaska.gov/Statewide/R-I/PermitsLicensing/ConcealedHandguns", "verified_at": "2026-05-31" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "al", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.transport", "status": "permitted", "summary": "No permit required to carry a loaded handgun in a private vehicle (since Jan 1, 2023). Do not touch the handgun during a stop unless directed by the officer.", "source_url": "https://www.alabamaag.gov/firearms-law/", "verified_at": "2026-05-31" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "al", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.open_carry", "status": "permitted", "summary": "Open carry of a handgun is allowed in Alabama without a permit for anyone who is not prohibited from possessing one. Alabama's constitutional carry applies to both open and concealed carry.", "source_url": "https://www.alea.gov/gun-laws", "verified_at": "2026-05-31" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "al", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.reciprocity", "status": "info", "summary": "Honors all states' valid concealed-carry permits. Alabama is also permitless/constitutional carry.", "source_url": "https://www.alabamaag.gov/firearms-law/", "verified_at": "2026-07-13" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "al", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.suppressor", "status": "conditional", "summary": "Legal to own via the federal NFA process (ATF Form 4, $200 tax stamp, background check) — Alabama has no state ban. Alabama lifted its suppressor prohibition in 2014 and hunting with a lawfully purchased suppressor is permitted.", "source_url": "https://www.outdooralabama.com/node/1475", "verified_at": "2026-07-18" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "al", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.possession", "status": "permitted", "summary": "Alabama has no red-flag law (also called an Extreme Risk Protection Order, or ERPO), no assault-weapon ban, and no restrictions on magazines.", "source_url": "https://www.alabamaag.gov/firearms-law/", "verified_at": "2026-07-13" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "al", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.concealed_carry", "status": "permitted", "summary": "Permitless (constitutional) carry: no permit required to carry concealed for those 19+ not prohibited (18+ for active/retired military, honorably discharged veterans, or law enforcement; effective Jan 1, 2023). Optional shall-issue permit available for reciprocity/travel.", "source_url": "https://www.alabamaag.gov/firearms-law/", "verified_at": "2026-06-25" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "al", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.magazine_capacity", "status": "permitted", "summary": "No state limit. Alabama does not regulate magazine capacity.", "source_url": "https://www.alea.gov/gun-laws", "verified_at": "2026-07-13" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "al", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.duty_to_inform", "status": "conditional", "summary": "No proactive duty — but if an on-duty officer ASKS whether you are armed, anyone carrying a concealed pistol (on the person or in an occupied vehicle) must immediately answer that they possess it (Ala. Code § 13A-11-95, Act 2022-133). A vehicle occupant with a loaded handgun also may not touch it during a stop except as the officer directs (Class A misdemeanor). Applies to permitless carriers and permit holders alike.", "source_url": "https://arc-sos.state.al.us/ucp/L0899292.AI1.pdf", "verified_at": "2026-07-18" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "ar", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.reciprocity", "status": "info", "summary": "Honors all states' valid concealed-handgun carry licenses (A.C.A. 5-73-321). Arkansas is also permitless carry.", "source_url": "https://dps.arkansas.gov/law-enforcement/arkansas-state-police/services-programs/concealed-handgun-carry-licensing/", "verified_at": "2026-05-31" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "ar", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.suppressor", "status": "conditional", "summary": "Legal via the NFA — Arkansas has no statute banning civilian suppressor possession, and Game & Fish regulations impose no suppressor restriction, so hunting with one is allowed. Federal ATF tax stamp still required.", "source_url": "https://www.agfc.com/", "verified_at": "2026-07-18" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "ar", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.duty_to_inform", "status": "conditional", "summary": "No unprompted duty — but under the Arkansas State Police CHCL rules, whenever a licensee carrying a handgun is asked by ANY officer for identification (i.e., every traffic stop), the licensee must present the license AND affirmatively notify the officer they hold a CHCL and have a handgun (5 CAR § 1-201(c)); § 5-73-315 requires carrying the license whenever armed. No analogous statute for permitless carriers.", "source_url": "https://dps.arkansas.gov/wp-content/uploads/Code-of-Arkansas-Rules-CHCL-July_8_2025.pdf", "verified_at": "2026-07-18" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "ar", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.concealed_carry", "status": "permitted", "summary": "Permitless carry: no license required to carry concealed for those lawfully able to possess (generally 18+). Optional license available for reciprocity.", "source_url": "https://dps.arkansas.gov/law-enforcement/arkansas-state-police/services-programs/concealed-handgun-carry-licensing/", "verified_at": "2026-07-02" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "ar", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.open_carry", "status": "permitted", "summary": "Open carry of a handgun is allowed in Arkansas without a permit for anyone 18 or older who is lawfully able to possess one.", "source_url": "https://dps.arkansas.gov/law-enforcement/arkansas-state-police/services-programs/concealed-handgun-carry-licensing/", "verified_at": "2026-05-31" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "ar", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.magazine_capacity", "status": "permitted", "summary": "No state limit. Arkansas does not restrict magazine capacity.", "source_url": "https://dps.arkansas.gov/law-enforcement/arkansas-state-police/services-programs/concealed-handgun-carry-licensing/", "verified_at": "2026-05-31" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "ar", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.transport", "status": "permitted", "summary": "No permit required; a loaded handgun may be carried in a private vehicle by anyone 18+ who may lawfully possess it.", "source_url": "https://dps.arkansas.gov/law-enforcement/arkansas-state-police/services-programs/concealed-handgun-carry-licensing/", "verified_at": "2026-05-31" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "ar", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.possession", "status": "permitted", "summary": "Arkansas has no red-flag law (also called an Extreme Risk Protection Order, or ERPO), no assault-weapon ban, and no restrictions on magazines.", "source_url": "https://dps.arkansas.gov/law-enforcement/arkansas-state-police/services-programs/concealed-handgun-carry-licensing/", "verified_at": "2026-05-31" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "az", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.open_carry", "status": "permitted", "summary": "Open carry of a handgun is allowed in Arizona without a permit, and the minimum age is 18.", "source_url": "https://www.azdps.gov/services/public-services-center/concealed-weapons-and-permits", "verified_at": "2026-05-31" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "az", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.reciprocity", "status": "info", "summary": "Recognizes all 50 states' valid concealed-carry permits (A.R.S. 13-3112). Arizona is also constitutional carry.", "source_url": "https://www.azdps.gov/services/public-services-center/concealed-weapons-and-permits", "verified_at": "2026-05-31" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "az", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.concealed_carry", "status": "permitted", "summary": "Permitless (constitutional) carry: no permit required for anyone 21+ who may lawfully possess. Optional shall-issue CCW permit (21+, or 19+ with qualifying military service) used for reciprocity and certain locations.", "source_url": "https://www.azdps.gov/services/public-services-center/concealed-weapons-and-permits", "verified_at": "2026-07-02" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "az", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.suppressor", "status": "conditional", "summary": "Legal via the NFA. A silencer is a \"prohibited weapon\" (ARS 13-3101/13-3102, class 4 felony), BUT 13-3101(B) exempts devices possessed in compliance with federal law. AZ Game & Fish permits suppressor hunting.", "source_url": "https://www.azleg.gov/ars/13/03101.htm", "verified_at": "2026-07-18" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "az", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.transport", "status": "permitted", "summary": "No permit required; a loaded handgun may be carried in a private vehicle (console/glovebox) by anyone who may lawfully possess it.", "source_url": "https://www.azdps.gov/services/public-services-center/concealed-weapons-and-permits", "verified_at": "2026-05-31" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "az", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.magazine_capacity", "status": "permitted", "summary": "No state limit. Arizona does not regulate magazine capacity.", "source_url": "https://www.azdps.gov/services/public-services-center/concealed-weapons-and-permits", "verified_at": "2026-05-31" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "az", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.possession", "status": "permitted", "summary": "Arizona has no red-flag law (also called an Extreme Risk Protection Order, or ERPO), no assault-weapon ban, and no restrictions on magazines.", "source_url": "https://www.azdps.gov/services/public-services-center/concealed-weapons-and-permits", "verified_at": "2026-05-31" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "az", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.duty_to_inform", "status": "conditional", "summary": "No proactive duty — but it is a class 1 misdemeanor to fail to ANSWER ACCURATELY if an officer, during a lawful stop, detention or arrest, asks whether you are carrying a concealed deadly weapon (A.R.S. § 13-3102(A)(1)(b)). The officer may take temporary custody of the firearm during the contact. Applies to permitless carriers (21+) and permit holders alike.", "source_url": "https://www.azleg.gov/ars/13/03102.htm", "verified_at": "2026-07-18" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "ca", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.concealed_carry", "status": "restricted", "summary": "Permit (CCW) required; California is shall-issue post-Bruen (objective standards). Minimum age 21. Broad sensitive-places restrictions.", "source_url": "https://oag.ca.gov/firearms", "verified_at": "2026-07-02" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "ca", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.open_carry", "status": "restricted", "summary": "California effectively prohibits open carry of a handgun in public — in incorporated cities and in prohibited county areas.", "source_url": "https://oag.ca.gov/firearms", "verified_at": "2026-05-31" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "ca", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.magazine_capacity", "status": "restricted", "summary": "10-round limit. Magazines over 10 rounds are prohibited (Penal Code 32310); ban in effect.", "source_url": "https://oag.ca.gov/firearms", "verified_at": "2026-05-31" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "ca", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.duty_to_inform", "status": "conditional", "summary": "No proactive duty — but under Penal Code § 26200(a) as rewritten by SB 2 (eff. 2024), a CCW licensee must carry the license and may not refuse to display it or provide the firearm to a peace officer UPON DEMAND for inspection; violations expose the licensee to penalties and revocation. Licensing authorities may add further conditions on the license itself.", "source_url": "https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/codes_displaySection.xhtml?lawCode=PEN§ionNum=26200", "verified_at": "2026-07-18" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "ca", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.transport", "status": "conditional", "summary": "Without a CCW, a handgun must be UNLOADED and locked in the trunk or a locked container (not the glove box or console).", "source_url": "https://oag.ca.gov/firearms/travel", "verified_at": "2026-05-31" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "ca", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.possession", "status": "restricted", "summary": "California has a red-flag law (Gun Violence Restraining Orders), an assault-weapons ban in effect, and a 10-round magazine limit.", "source_url": "https://oag.ca.gov/firearms", "verified_at": "2026-05-31" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "ca", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.reciprocity", "status": "restricted", "summary": "Recognizes NO other states' concealed-carry permits; does not honor any out-of-state permit. Not constitutional carry.", "source_url": "https://oag.ca.gov/firearms", "verified_at": "2026-05-31" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "ca", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.suppressor", "status": "restricted", "summary": "BANNED. Civilian possession of a silencer is a felony under California Penal Code 33410, regardless of any federal NFA registration. Only listed law-enforcement/military agencies are exempt.", "source_url": "https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/codes_displaySection.xhtml?lawCode=PEN§ionNum=33410.", "verified_at": "2026-07-18" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "co", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.possession", "status": "conditional", "summary": "Colorado has a red-flag law (Extreme Risk Protection Orders) and a 15-round magazine limit: large-capacity magazines may not be sold, transferred or possessed unless continuously owned since July 1, 2013. There is no general assault-weapon possession ban. In effect since August 1, 2026 (SB25-003, C.R.S. 18-12-116): it is unlawful to manufacture, distribute, transfer, sell or purchase a \"specified semiautomatic firearm\" — a semiauto rifle or shotgun with a detachable magazine, or a gas-operated semiauto handgun with a detachable magazine. Excluded: rimfire-only guns in .22 caliber and under, bolt-, pump-, lever- and slide-action guns, fixed magazines capped at 15 rounds, recoil-operated single- and double-action handguns (most common pistols), about 35 named legacy models, and antiques and curios. To buy one you must first get a firearms safety course eligibility card from your county sheriff (valid 5 years; applications opened July 20, 2026 at coloradofss.com), then complete Colorado Parks and Wildlife (CPW) hunter education plus a 4-hour Basic course, or a 12-hour Extended course, within the prior 5 years, with a minimum exam score of 90%. Fees: $52 remitted to CPW plus a sheriff processing fee that varies by county; CPW warns some sheriffs will not review applications until August 1 and others are not accepting them at all. Importantly, possessing a specified semiautomatic firearm you already own is not restricted — the law restricts acquisition — but on or after August 1 you may sell or transfer one only to an out-of-state resident, a federally licensed dealer, or a buyer who meets the training requirement. Violation is a class 2 misdemeanor; a second offense is a class 6 felony. Separately, effective July 1, 2026 (HB25-1133), retail ammunition may be sold only to buyers 21 and older with government-issued photo ID and may not be displayed within customer reach without staff assistance. In-person exceptions cover 18-to-20-year-olds buying at a shooting range for use only there, members and veterans of the U.S. military or Colorado National Guard, hunter-education-certified buyers, people protected by a protection order, and anyone born on or before January 28, 2007 (that exception repeals January 28, 2028); on-duty peace officers are exempt and rimfire ammunition is entirely carved out.", "source_url": "https://cpw.state.co.us/specified-semiautomatic-firearms", "verified_at": "2026-07-27" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "co", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.duty_to_inform", "status": "conditional", "summary": "No proactive duty — but a permittee must carry the permit plus photo ID whenever possessing a concealed handgun and produce both UPON DEMAND by an officer (C.R.S. § 18-12-204(2)(a)); failure is a petty offense and raises a rebuttable presumption of no permit, dismissible if a valid permit is later shown. A handgun in a private vehicle for lawful protection is not considered concealed carry.", "source_url": "https://leg.colorado.gov/sites/default/files/images/olls/crs2024-title-18.pdf", "verified_at": "2026-07-18" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "co", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.concealed_carry", "status": "conditional", "summary": "Permit (CHP) required; shall-issue via county sheriffs. Minimum age 21. Not constitutional carry.", "source_url": "https://cbi.colorado.gov/firearms/concealed-handgun-permit-chp", "verified_at": "2026-07-02" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "co", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.open_carry", "status": "conditional", "summary": "Open carry is generally legal statewide in Colorado without a permit, but Denver and some localities prohibit it. Check your local rules.", "source_url": "https://cbi.colorado.gov/firearms/concealed-handgun-permit-chp", "verified_at": "2026-05-31" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "co", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.magazine_capacity", "status": "conditional", "summary": "15-round limit. Magazines over 15 rounds prohibited to sell/transfer; possession of pre-ban magazines allowed.", "source_url": "https://cbi.colorado.gov/firearms/concealed-handgun-permit-chp", "verified_at": "2026-07-13" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "co", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.suppressor", "status": "conditional", "summary": "Legal when federally registered. A silencer is a \"dangerous weapon\" (C.R.S. 18-12-102, class 5 felony), BUT a valid federal NFA permit is an affirmative defense, so a properly registered suppressor is lawful.", "source_url": "https://content.leg.colorado.gov/sites/default/files/images/olls/crs2024-title-18.pdf", "verified_at": "2026-08-02" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "co", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.reciprocity", "status": "conditional", "summary": "Recognizes other states' permits only if the holder is a resident of the issuing state (resident permits only) and that state honors Colorado's. ~34 states recognized. Not constitutional carry.", "source_url": "https://cbi.colorado.gov/firearms/concealed-handgun-permit-chp-reciprocity", "verified_at": "2026-07-13" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "co", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.transport", "status": "conditional", "summary": "A handgun may be carried in a private vehicle by a person legally entitled to possess it. Local ordinances may restrict; verify locally.", "source_url": "https://cbi.colorado.gov/firearms/concealed-handgun-permit-chp", "verified_at": "2026-05-31" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "ct", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.suppressor", "status": "conditional", "summary": "Legal to OWN via the NFA — Connecticut has no possession ban. However C.G.S. 26-75 prohibits USE of a silencer while hunting, so suppressors are fine for range/target use but not for hunting.", "source_url": "https://www.cga.ct.gov/current/pub/chap_490.htm", "verified_at": "2026-07-18" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "ct", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.duty_to_inform", "status": "conditional", "summary": "No proactive duty — a permit holder must carry the permit and PRESENT it on the request of an officer who has reasonable suspicion of a crime and has observed the pistol (C.G.S. § 29-35(b)). Note: the 2023 law also bans knowingly carrying a firearm with intent to display it, so an observed firearm is itself a basis for police attention.", "source_url": "https://www.cga.ct.gov/current/pub/chap_529.htm", "verified_at": "2026-07-18" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "ct", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.magazine_capacity", "status": "restricted", "summary": "10-round limit. Magazines over 10 rounds banned (registered pre-ban excepted); 2013 law.", "source_url": "https://www.cga.ct.gov/2013/rpt/2013-R-0001.htm", "verified_at": "2026-05-31" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "ct", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.transport", "status": "conditional", "summary": "Without a permit, a handgun must be UNLOADED and secured in the trunk or a locked container (not glove box or console).", "source_url": "https://portal.ct.gov/-/media/despp/files/firearmsbrochure06716pdf.pdf", "verified_at": "2026-05-31" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "ct", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.possession", "status": "restricted", "summary": "Connecticut has a red-flag law in effect, known as a risk warrant (CGS 29-38c), an assault-weapons ban from a 2013 law, and a 10-round magazine limit.", "source_url": "https://www.cga.ct.gov/2013/rpt/2013-R-0001.htm", "verified_at": "2026-05-31" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "ct", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.reciprocity", "status": "restricted", "summary": "Recognizes NO other states' permits; nonresidents must obtain a CT nonresident permit. Not constitutional carry.", "source_url": "https://portal.ct.gov/despp/division-of-state-police/special-licensing-and-firearms/state-pistol-permit", "verified_at": "2026-05-31" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "ct", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.open_carry", "status": "restricted", "summary": "Open carry is prohibited in Connecticut: since October 1, 2023, open carry of a handgun has been illegal even with a permit.", "source_url": "https://portal.ct.gov/despp/division-of-state-police/special-licensing-and-firearms/state-pistol-permit", "verified_at": "2026-05-31" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "ct", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.concealed_carry", "status": "restricted", "summary": "Permit (CT pistol permit) required; shall-issue (\"suitable person\" standard). Minimum age 21.", "source_url": "https://portal.ct.gov/despp/division-of-state-police/special-licensing-and-firearms/state-pistol-permit", "verified_at": "2026-07-02" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "dc", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.duty_to_inform", "status": "conditional", "summary": "YES — proactive duty. If an officer initiates an investigative stop, a concealed-pistol licensee must disclose they are carrying, present the license and registration certificate, identify where the pistol is, and comply with orders including the officer taking possession of it (D.C. Code § 7-2509.04(d)). The duty extends to other licensees present who are carrying.", "source_url": "https://code.dccouncil.gov/us/dc/council/code/sections/7-2509.04", "verified_at": "2026-07-18" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "dc", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.transport", "status": "restricted", "summary": "Without a DC license, a firearm may only be transported through DC under federal FOPA: unloaded, not readily accessible (trunk or locked container, not glove box), ammunition separate. DC registration otherwise required to possess.", "source_url": "https://mpdc.dc.gov/page/frequently-asked-questions-firearms-registration-and-ccl", "verified_at": "2026-05-31" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "dc", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.magazine_capacity", "status": "restricted", "summary": "Possession of any magazine holding more than 10 rounds is illegal in DC.", "source_url": "https://mpdc.dc.gov/page/frequently-asked-questions-firearms-registration-and-ccl", "verified_at": "2026-05-31" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "dc", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.open_carry", "status": "restricted", "summary": "Open carry is prohibited in the District of Columbia, except for on-duty law enforcement, military, and security. Only licensed concealed carry is allowed.", "source_url": "https://mpdc.dc.gov/page/eligibility-requirements-concealed-carry-license", "verified_at": "2026-05-31" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "dc", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.suppressor", "status": "restricted", "summary": "BANNED. D.C. Code 22-4514 prohibits any person in the District from possessing any firearm silencer, regardless of federal NFA registration (law-enforcement and military exceptions only).", "source_url": "https://code.dccouncil.gov/us/dc/council/code/sections/22-4514", "verified_at": "2026-07-18" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "dc", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.concealed_carry", "status": "restricted", "summary": "Permit required; very restrictive. A DC Concealed Carry Pistol License from MPD is mandatory; minimum age 21; must own a DC-registered pistol and complete 18 hours of training. DC recognizes NO other state's permit.", "source_url": "https://mpdc.dc.gov/page/eligibility-requirements-concealed-carry-license", "verified_at": "2026-07-02" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "dc", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.possession", "status": "restricted", "summary": "The District of Columbia has a red-flag law (Extreme Risk Protection Orders, or ERPOs), bans \"assault weapons\" and magazines holding more than 10 rounds, and requires all firearms to be registered.", "source_url": "https://mpdc.dc.gov/page/frequently-asked-questions-firearms-registration-and-ccl", "verified_at": "2026-05-31" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "dc", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.reciprocity", "status": "restricted", "summary": "Recognizes NONE — DC does not honor any concealed-carry permit issued by any state. Carrying on an out-of-state permit alone is a serious criminal offense.", "source_url": "https://mpdc.dc.gov/page/applying-concealed-carry-license-district-columbia", "verified_at": "2026-05-31" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "de", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.suppressor", "status": "restricted", "summary": "BANNED. A firearm silencer is a \"destructive weapon\" under 11 Del. C. 1444, and civilian possession is a class E felony even if federally NFA-registered. Narrow military/police/wildlife-biologist exceptions only.", "source_url": "https://delcode.delaware.gov/title11/c005/sc07/index.html", "verified_at": "2026-07-18" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "de", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.concealed_carry", "status": "conditional", "summary": "Permit (CCDW license) required; applications through Superior Court. Minimum age 21. Not constitutional carry.", "source_url": "https://attorneygeneral.delaware.gov/criminal/concealed-carry-deadly-weapons-ccdw/", "verified_at": "2026-07-02" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "de", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.possession", "status": "conditional", "summary": "Delaware has a red-flag law (Extreme Risk Protection Orders) and an assault-weapons ban in effect, plus a 17-round magazine limit. The assault-weapons ban is at 11 Del. C. 1466.", "source_url": "https://attorneygeneral.delaware.gov/criminal/concealed-carry-deadly-weapons-ccdw/", "verified_at": "2026-05-31" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "de", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.open_carry", "status": "permitted", "summary": "Open carry of a handgun is legal in Delaware without a permit for anyone 21 or older who may lawfully possess a firearm.", "source_url": "https://attorneygeneral.delaware.gov/criminal/concealed-carry-deadly-weapons-ccdw/", "verified_at": "2026-05-31" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "de", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.duty_to_inform", "status": "info", "summary": "No duty to inform — Delaware's concealed-carry law (11 Del. C. §§ 1441-1442) contains no requirement to notify an officer or present the license on demand (verified against the full weapons subchapter). A CCDW license is still required to carry concealed at all.", "source_url": "https://delcode.delaware.gov/title11/c005/sc07/index.html", "verified_at": "2026-07-18" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "de", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.reciprocity", "status": "conditional", "summary": "Recognizes permits ONLY from a specific annual list of states (some \"enhanced/class-1 only\"). Not constitutional carry.", "source_url": "https://attorneygeneral.delaware.gov/criminal/concealed-carry-deadly-weapons-ccdw/", "verified_at": "2026-05-31" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "de", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.transport", "status": "conditional", "summary": "Carrying a concealed deadly weapon without a Delaware CCDW license is prohibited. Exact unlicensed vehicle-transport storage method not stated on the official page — VERIFY.", "source_url": "https://attorneygeneral.delaware.gov/criminal/concealed-carry-deadly-weapons-ccdw/", "verified_at": "2026-05-31" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "de", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.magazine_capacity", "status": "conditional", "summary": "17-round limit. Magazines over 17 rounds prohibited (SB 6, 2022); CCDW holders, LEOs, military exempt.", "source_url": "https://attorneygeneral.delaware.gov/criminal/concealed-carry-deadly-weapons-ccdw/", "verified_at": "2026-05-31" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "fl", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.possession", "status": "info", "summary": "Florida has had a Risk Protection Order (red-flag) law in effect since 2018 (s.790.401), and has no assault-weapon ban and no firearm registry.", "source_url": "https://www.flsenate.gov/Laws/Statutes/2025/790.401", "verified_at": "2026-05-31" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "fl", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.concealed_carry", "status": "permitted", "summary": "Permitless (\"constitutional\") carry: adults 21 and older who may lawfully possess a firearm can carry concealed without a permit. CHANGING for 18-20-year-olds: on June 17, 2026, Florida's Fourth DCA held the 21+ concealed-carry age floor (Fla. Stat. 790.06(2)(b)) unconstitutional as to 18-20-year-olds (Eubanks v. Florida), and the Attorney General declined further review. FDACS has announced it will issue concealed-weapon licenses to applicants 18 and older who meet all other requirements. Until that licensing is confirmed in effect, anyone under 21 should treat the 21+ floor as still applying. Note: the separate minimum age to PURCHASE a firearm in Florida remains 21 (790.065(13)).", "source_url": "https://www.fdacs.gov/Consumer-Resources/Concealed-Weapon-License/Applying-for-a-Concealed-Weapon-License/Eligibility-Requirements", "verified_at": "2026-08-15" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "fl", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.reciprocity", "status": "info", "summary": "Recognizes resident concealed-weapon licenses from ~33 states (s.790.015); footnote limits apply (21+, some FL-resident-only; non-resident out-of-state licenses not honored). FL is permitless for 21+.", "source_url": "https://www.fdacs.gov/Consumer-Resources/Concealed-Weapon-License/Concealed-Weapon-License-Reciprocity", "verified_at": "2026-05-31" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "fl", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.open_carry", "status": "permitted", "summary": "Open carry by law-abiding adults is now lawful statewide in Florida, and no permit is required. The ban was struck down in McDaniel v. State in September 2025, and the Attorney General directed non-enforcement.", "source_url": "https://www.myfloridalegal.com/sites/default/files/ag_guidance_letter_9.15.pdf", "verified_at": "2026-05-31" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "fl", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.suppressor", "status": "conditional", "summary": "Legal via the NFA. Florida removed the silencer-equipped hunting prohibition in 2014 (FAC 68A-12.002), so suppressors are now legal for all hunting (private land and WMAs). Federal NFA compliance required.", "source_url": "https://flrules.org/gateway/ruleno.asp?id=68A-12.002", "verified_at": "2026-07-18" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "fl", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.magazine_capacity", "status": "permitted", "summary": "No state limit on magazine capacity.", "source_url": "https://www.flsenate.gov/Laws/Statutes/2025/Chapter790/All", "verified_at": "2026-05-31" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "fl", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.transport", "status": "conditional", "summary": "Without a permit, a person 18+ may keep a handgun in a private vehicle if \"securely encased\" (cased, holstered/snapped, or in a closed container) or not readily accessible, and not on the person (s.790.25).", "source_url": "https://m.flsenate.gov/statutes/790.25", "verified_at": "2026-05-31" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "fl", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.duty_to_inform", "status": "conditional", "summary": "No duty to announce being armed — but every concealed carrier must carry valid identification and display it UPON DEMAND by an officer: permitless carriers under F.S. 790.013(1) (2023 permitless-carry law) and licensees under F.S. 790.06(1)(c). Violation is a $25 noncriminal infraction.", "source_url": "https://www.flsenate.gov/Laws/Statutes/2025/790.013", "verified_at": "2026-07-18" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "ga", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.reciprocity", "status": "info", "summary": "Recognizes valid carry licenses from a specific list of states (some recognized only if holder is 21+). Georgia is also permitless carry.", "source_url": "https://law.georgia.gov/resources/states-which-recognize-georgia-weapons-carry-license", "verified_at": "2026-05-31" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "ga", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.possession", "status": "info", "summary": "Georgia has no state red-flag law (also called an Extreme Risk Protection Order, or ERPO), no assault-weapon ban, and no firearm registry.", "source_url": "https://georgia.gov/apply-firearms-license", "verified_at": "2026-05-31" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "ga", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.duty_to_inform", "status": "info", "summary": "No duty to inform — Georgia has no statute requiring a carrier to tell an officer they are armed or to present a license on demand, and since SB 319 (eff. April 12, 2022) any \"lawful weapons carrier\" may carry concealed without a license at all. Licenses remain available mainly for reciprocity travel.", "source_url": "https://www.legis.ga.gov/api/document/docs/default-source/general-statutes/22sumdoc.pdf?sfvrsn=b3efacec_6", "verified_at": "2026-07-18" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "ga", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.suppressor", "status": "conditional", "summary": "Legal via the NFA — Georgia has no possession ban. O.C.G.A. 27-3-4 permits hunting with a suppressor on your own private property, on private property with the owner's permission, and on public lands in DNR-designated areas.", "source_url": "https://rules.sos.ga.gov/GAC/391-4-2-.60", "verified_at": "2026-07-18" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "ga", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.magazine_capacity", "status": "permitted", "summary": "No state limit on magazine capacity. Georgia's prohibited-weapons law (OCGA 16-11-123) reaches only sawed-off shotguns and rifles, machine guns, silencers and \"dangerous weapons\" — no capacity limit — and OCGA 16-11-173 reserves firearm regulation to the General Assembly, barring local limits.", "source_url": "https://www.atf.gov/media/15176/download", "verified_at": "2026-07-30" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "ga", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.transport", "status": "permitted", "summary": "No license required to have a firearm in your own vehicle; a lawful weapons carrier may carry a handgun in a private vehicle (O.C.G.A. 16-11-126).", "source_url": "https://georgia.gov/apply-firearms-license", "verified_at": "2026-05-31" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "ga", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.open_carry", "status": "permitted", "summary": "Open carry of a handgun is allowed in Georgia without a license for any lawful weapons carrier, and no permit is required.", "source_url": "https://georgia.gov/apply-firearms-license", "verified_at": "2026-05-31" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "ga", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.concealed_carry", "status": "permitted", "summary": "Permitless (\"constitutional\") carry since 2022 (SB 319) for any lawful weapons carrier (generally 21+, or 18+ military). Optional license available.", "source_url": "https://georgia.gov/apply-firearms-license", "verified_at": "2026-07-02" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "hi", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.transport", "status": "restricted", "summary": "Without an LTC, a firearm may not be carried loaded in a vehicle. Transport unloaded and (in transit) in a locked hard-sided container; firearms must be registered (HRS 134-26).", "source_url": "https://www.capitol.hawaii.gov/hrscurrent/vol03_ch0121-0200d/hrs0134/HRS_0134-0026.htm", "verified_at": "2026-05-31" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "hi", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.open_carry", "status": "restricted", "summary": "Open carry in Hawaii requires an unconcealed License to Carry, which is rarely issued and in practice is not available to most people. There is no carrying without a license.", "source_url": "https://www.honolulupd.org/police-services/firearms/", "verified_at": "2026-05-31" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "hi", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.magazine_capacity", "status": "restricted", "summary": "Pistol magazines over 10 rounds are prohibited to manufacture, possess, sell, or transfer (HRS 134-8).", "source_url": "https://www.capitol.hawaii.gov/hrscurrent/Vol03_Ch0121-0200D/HRS0134/HRS_0134-.htm", "verified_at": "2026-05-31" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "hi", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.possession", "status": "restricted", "summary": "Hawaii has had a Gun Violence Protective Order (red-flag) law since 2019 (Act 150), prohibits assault pistols, and requires firearms to be registered.", "source_url": "https://data.capitol.hawaii.gov/sessions/sessionlaws/Years/SLH2019/SLH2019_Act150.pdf", "verified_at": "2026-05-31" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "hi", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.reciprocity", "status": "restricted", "summary": "Recognizes NO out-of-state concealed-carry permits; to carry, a person must hold a Hawaii LTC (HRS 134-9).", "source_url": "https://www.capitol.hawaii.gov/hrscurrent/Vol03_Ch0121-0200D/HRS0134/HRS_0134-0009.htm", "verified_at": "2026-05-31" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "hi", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.duty_to_inform", "status": "conditional", "summary": "YES — proactive duty (new, Act 52 of 2023). HRS § 134-9.2(b) requires any person carrying a firearm — including a driver or passenger in a stopped vehicle — to immediately disclose to the officer that they are carrying, and on request identify its exact location and present the § 134-9 license. Violation is a petty misdemeanor.", "source_url": "https://www.capitol.hawaii.gov/hrscurrent/Vol03_Ch0121-0200D/HRS0134/HRS_0134-0009_0002.htm", "verified_at": "2026-07-18" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "hi", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.concealed_carry", "status": "restricted", "summary": "Permit (License to Carry) required; no permitless carry. Shall-issue since 2022; county police chiefs issue to qualified applicants. Minimum age 21.", "source_url": "https://www.honolulupd.org/police-services/firearms/", "verified_at": "2026-07-02" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "hi", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.suppressor", "status": "restricted", "summary": "BANNED. HRS 134-8 bans the manufacture, possession, sale, transfer or acquisition of silencers; violation is a class C felony (5 years without probation), regardless of federal NFA registration.", "source_url": "https://www.capitol.hawaii.gov/hrscurrent/vol03_ch0121-0200d/hrs0134/hrs_0134-0008.htm", "verified_at": "2026-07-18" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "ia", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.transport", "status": "permitted", "summary": "No permit required to carry/transport a handgun (loaded or unloaded, openly or concealed) in a private vehicle for a person who may lawfully carry (Iowa Code 724.4).", "source_url": "https://www.legis.iowa.gov/docs/code/724.4.pdf", "verified_at": "2026-05-31" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "ia", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.magazine_capacity", "status": "permitted", "summary": "No state limit on magazine capacity. Iowa Code ch. 724 (Weapons) contains no magazine-capacity restriction, and section 724.28 bars cities, counties and townships from regulating firearms or \"firearms attachments\" that are lawful under state law — so no local limit applies either.", "source_url": "https://www.legis.iowa.gov/docs/ico/chapter/724.pdf", "verified_at": "2026-07-30" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "ia", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.suppressor", "status": "conditional", "summary": "Legal when federally compliant. Iowa Code 724.1B makes it a felony only to possess a suppressor \"in violation of federal law\" — a properly NFA-registered suppressor is legal (Iowa legalized suppressors in 2016).", "source_url": "https://www.legis.iowa.gov/docs/code/724.1B.pdf", "verified_at": "2026-07-18" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "ia", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.concealed_carry", "status": "permitted", "summary": "Permitless carry since July 1, 2021 for those not prohibited; no permit required. Optional permit available (18+). Minimum age to carry concealed without a permit: 21.", "source_url": "https://dps.iowa.gov/weapon-permits-frequently-asked-questions", "verified_at": "2026-07-02" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "ia", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.open_carry", "status": "permitted", "summary": "Open carry of a handgun is allowed in Iowa without a permit for anyone who may lawfully carry.", "source_url": "https://dps.iowa.gov/weapon-permits-frequently-asked-questions", "verified_at": "2026-05-31" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "ia", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.reciprocity", "status": "info", "summary": "Iowa recognizes a valid carry permit or license issued by any other state to a non-resident of Iowa — universal recognition, with no state list or agreement required (Iowa Code 724.11A). Recognition covers carrying only: an out-of-state permit does not satisfy Iowa's separate requirements for acquiring a pistol or revolver (724.11A, citing 724.15). Iowa residents are not covered by 724.11A, but Iowa has also been permitless carry since July 1, 2021 for anyone not otherwise prohibited from carrying.", "source_url": "https://dps.iowa.gov/weapon-permits-frequently-asked-questions", "verified_at": "2026-08-15" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "ia", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.possession", "status": "info", "summary": "Iowa has no state red-flag law (also called an Extreme Risk Protection Order, or ERPO), no assault-weapon ban, and no firearm registry.", "source_url": "https://dps.iowa.gov/weapon-permits-frequently-asked-questions", "verified_at": "2026-05-31" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "ia", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.duty_to_inform", "status": "info", "summary": "No duty to inform — Iowa went permitless July 1, 2021; Iowa Code § 724.5 now imposes no prohibition on lawful unlicensed carry and chapter 724 contains no duty to notify an officer or display a permit on demand.", "source_url": "https://www.legis.iowa.gov/docs/code/724.5.pdf", "verified_at": "2026-07-18" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "id", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.concealed_carry", "status": "permitted", "summary": "Permitless (\"constitutional\") carry for U.S. citizens 18+ not disqualified; no permit required. Optional standard and Enhanced licenses available. Minimum age 18.", "source_url": "https://legislature.idaho.gov/statutesrules/idstat/title18/t18ch33/sect18-3302/", "verified_at": "2026-07-02" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "id", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.duty_to_inform", "status": "info", "summary": "No statutory duty to inform — Idaho Code § 18-3302 (permitless concealed carry statewide for eligible adults 18+) contains no provision requiring a carrier to notify an officer or display the optional license on demand. Licenses still issue for reciprocity and NICS-exemption purposes.", "source_url": "https://legislature.idaho.gov/statutesrules/idstat/Title18/T18CH33/SECT18-3302/", "verified_at": "2026-07-18" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "id", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.open_carry", "status": "permitted", "summary": "Open carry is generally allowed in Idaho without a license, and under permitless carry it is also allowed within city limits for qualified people 18 and older.", "source_url": "https://legislature.idaho.gov/statutesrules/idstat/title18/t18ch33/sect18-3302/", "verified_at": "2026-05-31" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "id", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.magazine_capacity", "status": "permitted", "summary": "No state limit on magazine capacity.", "source_url": "https://legislature.idaho.gov/statutesrules/idstat/title18/t18ch33/sect18-3302/", "verified_at": "2026-05-31" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "id", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.transport", "status": "permitted", "summary": "No license needed to carry a handgun (loaded or unloaded) concealed in a motor vehicle for a U.S. citizen 18+ not disqualified (Idaho Code 18-3302(4)).", "source_url": "https://legislature.idaho.gov/statutesrules/idstat/title18/t18ch33/sect18-3302/", "verified_at": "2026-05-31" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "id", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.possession", "status": "info", "summary": "Idaho has no state red-flag law (also called an Extreme Risk Protection Order, or ERPO), no assault-weapon ban, and no firearm registry.", "source_url": "https://www.ag.idaho.gov/office-resources/concealed-weapons/", "verified_at": "2026-05-31" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "id", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.reciprocity", "status": "info", "summary": "Honors all other states' valid concealed-weapons licenses (must be in physical possession while carrying). Idaho is also permitless carry.", "source_url": "https://isp.idaho.gov/bci/cwl-reciprocity/", "verified_at": "2026-05-31" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "id", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.suppressor", "status": "conditional", "summary": "Legal via the NFA — Idaho has no statute banning civilian suppressor possession, and Fish & Game imposes no state restriction, so suppressors are legal for hunting all species. Federal ATF tax stamp required.", "source_url": "https://idfg.idaho.gov/rules/big-game", "verified_at": "2026-07-18" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "il", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.reciprocity", "status": "restricted", "summary": "Recognizes NO other state's CCL for carry; only non-residents from \"substantially similar\" states (AR, ID, MS, NV, TX, VA) may even apply for an IL non-resident CCL.", "source_url": "https://isp.illinois.gov/Foid/Ccl", "verified_at": "2026-05-31" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "il", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.suppressor", "status": "restricted", "summary": "BANNED. 720 ILCS 5/24-1(a)(6) makes possessing any firearm silencer \"unlawful use of weapons,\" a Class 3 felony, regardless of federal NFA registration.", "source_url": "https://www.ilga.gov/legislation/ilcs/documents/072000050K24-1.htm", "verified_at": "2026-07-18" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "il", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.transport", "status": "restricted", "summary": "Without a CCL, a firearm must be unloaded and enclosed in a case (and the person must have a valid FOID); a non-resident may keep it unloaded and not immediately accessible.", "source_url": "https://isp.illinois.gov/Foid/Ccl", "verified_at": "2026-05-31" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "il", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.duty_to_inform", "status": "conditional", "summary": "No volunteer requirement — but if an officer initiates an investigative stop (including a traffic stop), then UPON THE OFFICER'S REQUEST the licensee must disclose they are carrying, present the FCCA license, identify the firearm's location, and permit the officer to secure it for the stop (430 ILCS 66/10(h)); vehicle passengers included. The license must be in possession whenever carrying (66/10(g)).", "source_url": "https://www.ilga.gov/Documents/legislation/ilcs/documents/043000660K10.htm", "verified_at": "2026-07-18" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "il", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.magazine_capacity", "status": "restricted", "summary": "Handgun magazines over 15 rounds (long-gun over 10) restricted as large-capacity feeding devices.", "source_url": "https://isp.illinois.gov/Home/AssaultWeapons", "verified_at": "2026-05-31" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "il", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.open_carry", "status": "restricted", "summary": "Open carry of a handgun is prohibited in Illinois. Firearms must be carried concealed under a valid Concealed Carry License (CCL).", "source_url": "https://isp.illinois.gov/Foid/Ccl", "verified_at": "2026-05-31" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "il", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.possession", "status": "restricted", "summary": "Illinois has a Firearms Restraining Order (red-flag) law (430 ILCS 67), bans \"assault weapons\" (with registration of those owned before the ban), and requires a FOID to possess a firearm.", "source_url": "https://www.ilga.gov/legislation/ilcs/ilcs3.asp?ActID=3877&ChapterID=39", "verified_at": "2026-05-31" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "il", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.concealed_carry", "status": "restricted", "summary": "Permit (Concealed Carry License) required; no permitless carry. Shall-issue with 16-hr training; a FOID card is also required to possess. Minimum age 21.", "source_url": "https://isp.illinois.gov/Foid/Ccl", "verified_at": "2026-07-02" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "in", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.open_carry", "status": "permitted", "summary": "Open carry of a handgun is allowed in Indiana without a permit for any proper person 18 or older. Indiana draws no distinction between open and concealed carry.", "source_url": "https://www.in.gov/isp/firearms-licensing/i-need-to/", "verified_at": "2026-05-31" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "in", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.transport", "status": "conditional", "summary": "Under permitless carry, a proper person 18+ may carry a handgun in a vehicle. Someone not eligible should transport unloaded, not accessible, in a secured case (IC 35-47-2-1.5).", "source_url": "https://www.in.gov/isp/files/Permitless-Carry-Website-Messaging.pdf", "verified_at": "2026-05-31" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "in", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.reciprocity", "status": "info", "summary": "Indiana State Police maintains no official reciprocity list; Indiana itself is permitless carry. Travelers should confirm with each destination state.", "source_url": "https://faqs.in.gov/hc/en-us/articles/115005236728-Which-states-honor-my-Indiana-handgun-license", "verified_at": "2026-05-31" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "in", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.magazine_capacity", "status": "permitted", "summary": "No state limit on magazine capacity. Indiana's prohibited-weapons chapter (IC 35-47-5) restricts machine guns and armor-piercing handgun ammunition but sets no magazine-capacity limit, and IC 35-47-11.1 bars local governments from regulating firearms, ammunition or firearm accessories — so no local limit applies either.", "source_url": "https://www.atf.gov/media/15171/download", "verified_at": "2026-07-30" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "in", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.duty_to_inform", "status": "info", "summary": "No duty to inform — since permitless carry took effect July 1, 2022 (IC 35-47-2-3(a)), an eligible person 18+ needs no license, and the handgun chapter contains no provision requiring a carrier to notify an officer or display the now-optional license. Optional licenses remain valid for reciprocity.", "source_url": "https://iga.in.gov/laws/2025/ic/titles/35#35-47-2-3", "verified_at": "2026-07-18" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "in", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.possession", "status": "info", "summary": "Indiana has a red-flag law known as the \"Jake Laird Law\" (IC 35-47-14), and has no assault-weapon ban and no firearm registry.", "source_url": "https://www.in.gov/isp/indiana-jake-laird-law-red-flag-law/", "verified_at": "2026-05-31" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "in", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.concealed_carry", "status": "permitted", "summary": "Permitless carry since July 1, 2022 for a \"proper person\"; no License to Carry required. Optional License still available. Minimum age 18.", "source_url": "https://www.in.gov/isp/firearms-licensing/i-need-to/", "verified_at": "2026-07-02" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "in", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.suppressor", "status": "conditional", "summary": "Legal via the NFA — Indiana has no possession ban. Hunting with a suppressor is legal; IC 14-22-38-4.5 only penalizes it when combined with hunting on private land WITHOUT the owner''s consent.", "source_url": "https://iga.in.gov/laws/2025/ic/titles/14", "verified_at": "2026-07-18" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "ks", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.open_carry", "status": "permitted", "summary": "Open carry of a handgun is allowed in Kansas without a license, and no permit is required. Some location limits apply.", "source_url": "https://www.ag.ks.gov/divisions/civil/licensing-inspections/concealed-carry-licensing/concealed-carry-faqs", "verified_at": "2026-05-31" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "ks", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.concealed_carry", "status": "permitted", "summary": "Permitless (\"constitutional\") carry since 2015 for those 21+ who may lawfully possess; no license required. 18-20 may carry with a Provisional license. Minimum age 21.", "source_url": "https://www.ag.ks.gov/divisions/civil/licensing-inspections/concealed-carry-licensing/concealed-carry-faqs", "verified_at": "2026-07-02" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "ks", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.duty_to_inform", "status": "info", "summary": "No statutory duty to inform — the Kansas Attorney General's official FAQ confirms a carrier is not required to volunteer that they have a license or concealed handgun when stopped, and is not even required to have the license on their person in Kansas (both recommended only). Permitless concealed carry for eligible persons 21+.", "source_url": "https://www.ag.ks.gov/divisions/civil/licensing-inspections/concealed-carry-licensing/concealed-carry-faqs", "verified_at": "2026-07-18" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "ks", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.suppressor", "status": "conditional", "summary": "Legal when federally compliant. Possessing a suppressor is \"criminal use of weapons\" under K.S.A. 21-6301 (severity level 9 felony), BUT subsection (h) exempts anyone in compliance with the federal NFA.", "source_url": "https://ksrevisor.gov/statutes/chapters/ch21/021_063_0001.html", "verified_at": "2026-07-18" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "ks", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.magazine_capacity", "status": "permitted", "summary": "No state limit on magazine capacity.", "source_url": "https://www.ag.ks.gov/divisions/civil/licensing-inspections/concealed-carry-licensing/concealed-carry-faqs", "verified_at": "2026-05-31" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "ks", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.transport", "status": "permitted", "summary": "No license required to transport or carry a handgun (openly or concealed, including in a vehicle) for a person 21+ who may lawfully possess.", "source_url": "https://www.ag.ks.gov/divisions/civil/licensing-inspections/concealed-carry-licensing/concealed-carry-faqs", "verified_at": "2026-05-31" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "ks", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.possession", "status": "info", "summary": "Kansas has no state red-flag law (also called an Extreme Risk Protection Order, or ERPO), no assault-weapon ban, and no firearm registry.", "source_url": "https://www.ag.ks.gov/divisions/civil/licensing-inspections/concealed-carry-licensing/concealed-carry-faqs", "verified_at": "2026-05-31" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "ks", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.reciprocity", "status": "info", "summary": "Recognizes valid permits from ALL states and DC for any non-resident 18+ (not for a current Kansas resident's out-of-state permit). KS is also permitless for 21+.", "source_url": "https://www.ag.ks.gov/divisions/civil/licensing-inspections/concealed-carry-licensing/out-of-state-license-recognition", "verified_at": "2026-05-31" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "ky", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.suppressor", "status": "conditional", "summary": "Legal via the federal NFA process — Kentucky imposes no state ban. Hunting with a suppressor is expressly permitted: a person with a federal permit for a firearm noise suppressor may use it to take legal game with a valid hunting license.", "source_url": "https://fw.ky.gov/Hunt/Pages/Hunting-Regulations.aspx", "verified_at": "2026-07-18" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "ky", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.open_carry", "status": "permitted", "summary": "Open carry of a handgun is legal in Kentucky without a permit for anyone 18 or older who can lawfully possess one.", "source_url": "https://wp.kentuckystatepolice.ky.gov/ccdw/ccdw-home/permitless-carry/", "verified_at": "2026-05-31" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "ky", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.reciprocity", "status": "info", "summary": "Honors all states' valid concealed-carry licenses. KY is also permitless/constitutional carry.", "source_url": "https://wp.kentuckystatepolice.ky.gov/ccdw/ccdw-home/ccdw-reciprocity/", "verified_at": "2026-05-31" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "ky", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.possession", "status": "permitted", "summary": "Kentucky has no red-flag law (also called an Extreme Risk Protection Order, or ERPO), and no assault-weapon ban or restriction on magazines.", "source_url": "https://wp.kentuckystatepolice.ky.gov/ccdw/ccdw-home/permitless-carry/", "verified_at": "2026-05-31" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "ky", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.transport", "status": "permitted", "summary": "No permit needed: a person 21+ who can lawfully possess may carry a handgun concealed or openly in a vehicle, loaded, without a permit.", "source_url": "https://wp.kentuckystatepolice.ky.gov/ccdw/ccdw-home/permitless-carry/", "verified_at": "2026-05-31" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "ky", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.duty_to_inform", "status": "info", "summary": "No duty to inform — KRS 237.109 (permitless carry, 21+) imposes no notification duty. Licensees only: KRS 237.110(15) requires carrying the CCDW license whenever carrying and displaying it upon an officer's request ($25 noncriminal violation). Nobody in Kentucky must proactively announce they are armed.", "source_url": "https://apps.legislature.ky.gov/law/statutes/statute.aspx?id=56567", "verified_at": "2026-07-18" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "ky", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.magazine_capacity", "status": "permitted", "summary": "No state law limits magazine capacity here — standard- and high-capacity magazines are legal to buy and possess under state law. Federal law sets no general capacity cap. A handful of cities nationwide have local rules, so verify locally if in doubt.", "source_url": "https://wp.kentuckystatepolice.ky.gov/ccdw/ccdw-home/permitless-carry/", "verified_at": "2026-06-07" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "ky", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.concealed_carry", "status": "permitted", "summary": "Permitless/constitutional carry: no permit needed to carry concealed if you can lawfully possess (age 21+). New since July 15, 2026 (HB 312, Acts Ch. 173): the Kentucky State Police issue a PROVISIONAL concealed-carry license to residents 18-20 who complete training and a background check - valid only in Kentucky, converting to a standard license at 21. Optional standard licenses remain available for reciprocity.", "source_url": "https://apps.legislature.ky.gov/record/26rs/hb312.html", "verified_at": "2026-07-23" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "la", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.open_carry", "status": "permitted", "summary": "Open carry of a handgun is legal in Louisiana without a permit for anyone 18 or older who can lawfully possess one.", "source_url": "https://lsp.org/services/concealed-handgun-information/", "verified_at": "2026-05-31" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "la", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.transport", "status": "permitted", "summary": "No permit needed: a person 18+ who can lawfully possess may carry a handgun in a private vehicle, openly or concealed, loaded, without a permit.", "source_url": "https://lsp.org/services/concealed-handgun-information/", "verified_at": "2026-05-31" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "la", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.concealed_carry", "status": "permitted", "summary": "Permitless/constitutional carry since July 4, 2024: anyone 18+ who can lawfully possess may carry concealed without a permit. Optional permits available (21+).", "source_url": "https://lsp.org/services/concealed-handgun-information/", "verified_at": "2026-07-02" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "la", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.suppressor", "status": "conditional", "summary": "Legal with the required federal ATF tax stamp — no Louisiana statute bans civilian ownership. Hunting with a sound suppressor is expressly permitted under La. R.S. 56:116.6 for anyone holding the federal tax stamp.", "source_url": "https://legis.la.gov/Legis/Law.aspx?d=920665", "verified_at": "2026-07-18" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "la", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.magazine_capacity", "status": "permitted", "summary": "No state law limits magazine capacity here — standard- and high-capacity magazines are legal to buy and possess under state law. Federal law sets no general capacity cap. A handful of cities nationwide have local rules, so verify locally if in doubt.", "source_url": "https://lsp.org/services/concealed-handgun-information/", "verified_at": "2026-06-07" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "la", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.duty_to_inform", "status": "conditional", "summary": "YES — proactive duty. La. R.S. 40:1379.3(I)(2) requires a permittee — and, since permitless carry took effect July 4, 2024, any person carrying under R.S. 14:95(M) — to notify any officer who approaches in an official manner that they have a weapon, submit to a pat-down, and allow temporary disarmament. Permittees face automatic 6-month suspension; permitless carriers up to $500 and/or 6 months.", "source_url": "https://www.legis.la.gov/legis/law.aspx?d=97451", "verified_at": "2026-07-18" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "la", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.possession", "status": "permitted", "summary": "Louisiana has no red-flag law (also called an Extreme Risk Protection Order, or ERPO), and no assault-weapon ban or restriction on magazines.", "source_url": "https://lsp.org/services/concealed-handgun-information/", "verified_at": "2026-05-31" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "la", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.reciprocity", "status": "conditional", "summary": "Recognizes out-of-state permits ONLY from states that mutually recognize Louisiana permits (holder must be 21+). Does NOT recognize all states. LA is also permitless carry.", "source_url": "https://lsp.org/services/concealed-handgun-information/reciprocity/", "verified_at": "2026-05-31" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "ma", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.magazine_capacity", "status": "restricted", "summary": "Magazines over 10 rounds prohibited to sell/transfer/possess unless grandfathered before Sept 13, 1994. Treat 10 rounds as the limit.", "source_url": "https://www.mass.gov/info-details/massachusetts-law-about-guns-and-other-firearms", "verified_at": "2026-05-31" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "ma", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.concealed_carry", "status": "restricted", "summary": "Permit required (License to Carry); shall-issue since the 2024 reform. Minimum age 21. Nonresidents must obtain a Massachusetts nonresident LTC.", "source_url": "https://www.mass.gov/how-to/apply-for-or-renew-a-firearms-license", "verified_at": "2026-07-02" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "ma", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.suppressor", "status": "restricted", "summary": "BANNED for civilians. Under M.G.L. c.269 10A it is a felony (up to 5 years) for anyone other than a federally licensed manufacturer or law-enforcement officer to possess a firearm silencer. A federal NFA stamp does NOT make it legal.", "source_url": "https://malegislature.gov/Laws/GeneralLaws/PartIV/TitleI/Chapter269/Section10A", "verified_at": "2026-07-18" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "ma", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.open_carry", "status": "restricted", "summary": "Open carry is not a practical option in Massachusetts. Carrying requires a License to Carry (LTC), and an exposed firearm can jeopardize that license.", "source_url": "https://www.mass.gov/info-details/massachusetts-law-about-guns-and-other-firearms", "verified_at": "2026-05-31" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "ma", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.possession", "status": "restricted", "summary": "Massachusetts has a red-flag law (Extreme Risk Protection Orders, or ERPOs), an assault-weapon ban, and a ban on large-capacity devices. The assault-weapon ban was broadened by 2024 Ch. 135.", "source_url": "https://www.mass.gov/doc/summary-of-ch-135-of-the-acts-of-2024/download", "verified_at": "2026-05-31" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "ma", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.duty_to_inform", "status": "info", "summary": "No current statutory duty — a recent change: the old G.L. c. 140 § 129C duty to exhibit the license on demand was struck by the 2024 gun-law overhaul (Ch. 135 of the Acts of 2024, eff. Oct. 2, 2024) and not re-enacted anywhere. An LTC is still required to carry at all (c. 269 § 10).", "source_url": "https://malegislature.gov/Laws/SessionLaws/Acts/2024/Chapter135", "verified_at": "2026-07-18" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "ma", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.reciprocity", "status": "restricted", "summary": "Recognizes none. Massachusetts does not honor any out-of-state permits; an MA LTC is required to carry or possess.", "source_url": "https://www.mass.gov/how-to/apply-for-or-renew-a-firearms-license", "verified_at": "2026-05-31" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "ma", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.transport", "status": "restricted", "summary": "A handgun left unattended in a vehicle must be unloaded and secured in a locked case, locked trunk, or secure container. Entering MA without a valid MA license is a felony.", "source_url": "https://www.mass.gov/info-details/massachusetts-law-about-guns-and-other-firearms", "verified_at": "2026-05-31" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "md", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.transport", "status": "restricted", "summary": "Without a permit, a handgun must be unloaded, in an enclosed case or holster, with ammunition separate, transported only between specific lawful locations. Federal FOPA also applies.", "source_url": "https://mdsp.maryland.gov/firearms-permits-professional-licenses/wear-carry-permit", "verified_at": "2026-05-31" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "md", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.concealed_carry", "status": "restricted", "summary": "Permit required (Wear & Carry Permit); shall-issue since 2023. Minimum age 21. 16-hour training, fingerprints, background check.", "source_url": "https://mdsp.maryland.gov/firearms-permits-professional-licenses/wear-carry-permit", "verified_at": "2026-07-02" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "md", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.duty_to_inform", "status": "info", "summary": "No statutory duty to inform — Maryland's wear-and-carry statute (Pub. Safety § 5-308) only requires the permit holder to carry the permit whenever carrying; the current text has no volunteer duty and no display-on-demand clause. A permit is still required to carry a handgun at all.", "source_url": "https://mgaleg.maryland.gov/mgawebsite/Laws/StatuteText?article=gps§ion=5-308&enactments=false", "verified_at": "2026-07-18" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "md", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.magazine_capacity", "status": "restricted", "summary": "Illegal to manufacture, sell, or transfer a magazine over 10 rounds in-state. Treat 10 rounds as the practical limit.", "source_url": "https://mdsp.maryland.gov/firearms-permits-professional-licenses/banned-firearms-maryland", "verified_at": "2026-05-31" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "md", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.reciprocity", "status": "restricted", "summary": "Recognizes none. Maryland does not honor any out-of-state carry permits; a Maryland permit is required.", "source_url": "https://mdsp.maryland.gov/firearms-permits-professional-licenses/wear-carry-permit", "verified_at": "2026-05-31" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "md", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.suppressor", "status": "conditional", "summary": "Legal — Maryland has no state ownership ban; suppressors are lawful via the federal NFA/ATF Form 4 process. DNR regulation names suppressors as authorized deer-hunting equipment, so hunting with one is allowed.", "source_url": "https://dnr.maryland.gov/wildlife/Documents/COMAR-08-03-09-11.pdf", "verified_at": "2026-07-18" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "md", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.possession", "status": "restricted", "summary": "Maryland has a red-flag law (Extreme Risk Protective Orders, or ERPOs), an assault-weapon ban based on a banned-firearms list, and registration for regulated firearms.", "source_url": "https://mdsp.maryland.gov/firearms-permits-professional-licenses/banned-firearms-maryland", "verified_at": "2026-05-31" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "md", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.open_carry", "status": "restricted", "summary": "Open carry of a handgun is generally prohibited in Maryland without a Maryland Wear & Carry Permit, which covers both open and concealed carry.", "source_url": "https://mdsp.maryland.gov/firearms-permits-professional-licenses/wear-carry-permit", "verified_at": "2026-05-31" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "me", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.transport", "status": "permitted", "summary": "No permit needed: a person 21+ (or 18+ military) who can lawfully possess may carry a loaded handgun in a vehicle without a permit.", "source_url": "https://www.maine.gov/dps/msp/licenses-permits/concealed-carry-maine", "verified_at": "2026-05-31" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "me", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.duty_to_inform", "status": "conditional", "summary": "YES for permitless carriers — anyone carrying a concealed handgun WITHOUT a valid permit must immediately inform the officer at first contact during any arrest, detainment or routine traffic stop (25 M.R.S. § 2003-A). Permit holders are exempt from that duty but must carry the permit and display it on demand (§ 2003(11), civil violation).", "source_url": "https://legislature.maine.gov/statutes/25/title25sec2003-A.html", "verified_at": "2026-07-18" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "me", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.magazine_capacity", "status": "permitted", "summary": "No state law limits magazine capacity here — standard- and high-capacity magazines are legal to buy and possess under state law. Federal law sets no general capacity cap. A handful of cities nationwide have local rules, so verify locally if in doubt.", "source_url": "https://www.maine.gov/dps/msp/licenses-permits/concealed-carry-maine", "verified_at": "2026-06-07" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "me", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.reciprocity", "status": "conditional", "summary": "Recognizes only RESIDENT permits from a specific official list of states. Does NOT recognize all states. ME is also permitless carry.", "source_url": "https://www.maine.gov/dps/msp/licenses-permits/concealed-carry-maine/reciprocity", "verified_at": "2026-05-31" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "me", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.possession", "status": "conditional", "summary": "Maine's red-flag law (Extreme Risk Protection Order, or ERPO) is now in effect — voters approved Question 2 in November 2025 and petitions began in February 2026 — in addition to the state's earlier \"yellow flag\" law. There is no assault-weapon ban or restriction on magazines.", "source_url": "https://www.courts.maine.gov/help/erpo.html", "verified_at": "2026-05-31" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "me", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.suppressor", "status": "conditional", "summary": "Legal via the federal NFA — Maine has no state ban. Since 2021 a hunter no longer needs a state Warden Service permit to hunt with a suppressor, but must still hold the federal ATF tax stamp.", "source_url": "https://www.maine.gov/ifw/hunting-trapping/hunting/laws-rules/hunting-equipment.html", "verified_at": "2026-07-18" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "me", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.open_carry", "status": "permitted", "summary": "Open carry of a handgun is legal in Maine without a permit for anyone who may lawfully possess one — generally 21 and older, or 18 and older for military members.", "source_url": "https://www.maine.gov/dps/msp/licenses-permits/concealed-carry-maine", "verified_at": "2026-05-31" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "me", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.concealed_carry", "status": "permitted", "summary": "Permitless/constitutional carry since Oct 15, 2015: anyone 21+ (or 18+ military) who can lawfully possess may carry concealed without a permit. Optional permits available.", "source_url": "https://www.maine.gov/dps/msp/licenses-permits/concealed-carry-maine", "verified_at": "2026-07-02" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "mi", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.suppressor", "status": "conditional", "summary": "Legal when in compliance with federal law. MCL 750.224 generally bans \"a muffler or silencer,\" but subsection (3)(c) exempts a person authorized by the ATF, so an NFA-registered suppressor is lawful.", "source_url": "https://www.legislature.mi.gov/Laws/MCL?objectName=mcl-750-224", "verified_at": "2026-08-02" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "mi", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.magazine_capacity", "status": "permitted", "summary": "No state law limits magazine capacity here — standard- and high-capacity magazines are legal to buy and possess under state law. Federal law sets no general capacity cap. A handful of cities nationwide have local rules, so verify locally if in doubt.", "source_url": "https://www.michigan.gov/msp/services/ccw", "verified_at": "2026-06-07" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "mi", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.duty_to_inform", "status": "conditional", "summary": "YES — proactive duty. A CPL holder carrying a concealed pistol who is stopped by a police officer must immediately disclose — without being asked — that they are carrying a pistol on their person or in the vehicle (MCL 28.425f(3)); the license and state ID must also be shown on request (28.425f(1)-(2)). Michigan requires a CPL, so the duty reaches essentially all lawful concealed carriers.", "source_url": "https://www.michigan.gov/msp/le/legal-resources/legal-update/legal-updates-pages/169", "verified_at": "2026-07-18" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "mi", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.open_carry", "status": "conditional", "summary": "Open carry of a handgun is legal in Michigan without a permit for anyone 18 or older who may lawfully possess one and has the pistol registered to them — but pistol-free zones apply.", "source_url": "https://www.michigan.gov/msp/services/ccw", "verified_at": "2026-05-31" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "mi", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.concealed_carry", "status": "conditional", "summary": "Permit required (Concealed Pistol License); shall-issue. Minimum age 21.", "source_url": "https://www.michigan.gov/msp/services/ccw", "verified_at": "2026-07-02" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "mi", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.reciprocity", "status": "info", "summary": "Recognizes a valid concealed-pistol license held by a resident of another state (effectively honors all states' valid permits), subject to Michigan's laws and prohibited locations.", "source_url": "https://www.michigan.gov/msp/services/ccw/reciprocity", "verified_at": "2026-05-31" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "mi", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.possession", "status": "conditional", "summary": "Michigan has a red-flag law (Extreme Risk Protection Order, or ERPO) that took effect on February 13, 2024, and has no assault-weapon ban or restriction on magazines.", "source_url": "https://www.michigan.gov/msp/services/ccw", "verified_at": "2026-05-31" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "mi", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.transport", "status": "conditional", "summary": "Without a CPL, a handgun must be transported unloaded in a closed case designed for firearms or in the trunk, for a lawful purpose. With a CPL it may be carried loaded.", "source_url": "https://www.michigan.gov/msp/services/ccw", "verified_at": "2026-05-31" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "mn", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.concealed_carry", "status": "conditional", "summary": "Permit required (Permit to Carry); shall-issue. Minimum age 18 (the prior 21 minimum was struck by the courts, effective ~April 2025). BCA-certified training required.", "source_url": "https://dps.mn.gov/divisions/bca/public-services-bca/firearms-information/permit-carry", "verified_at": "2026-07-06" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "mn", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.possession", "status": "conditional", "summary": "Minnesota has a red-flag law (Extreme Risk Protection Orders, or ERPOs) that took effect in 2024, and has no assault-weapon ban or restriction on magazines.", "source_url": "https://dps.mn.gov/divisions/bca/public-services-bca/firearms-information/permit-carry", "verified_at": "2026-05-31" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "mn", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.transport", "status": "conditional", "summary": "Without a permit, a pistol must be unloaded and either in a closed and fastened case, in the closed trunk, or in a securely tied package while transported.", "source_url": "https://dps.mn.gov/divisions/bca/public-services-bca/firearms-information/permit-carry", "verified_at": "2026-05-31" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "mn", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.reciprocity", "status": "conditional", "summary": "Recognizes out-of-state permits ONLY from states MN deems to have \"similar\" laws — 33 states on the current annual DPS list (incl. TX, OK, OH, NC, NY). NOT recognized: AZ, FL, GA, UT, VA, WA, WI, WY and others. ID/MS/MT/SD/TN enhanced permits only; ND Class 1 only; CA/CO/MA permits issued/renewed on/after 8/1/2024.", "source_url": "https://dps.mn.gov/divisions/bca/public-services/firearms-information/permit-carry-reciprocity", "verified_at": "2026-07-02" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "mn", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.magazine_capacity", "status": "permitted", "summary": "No state law limits magazine capacity here — standard- and high-capacity magazines are legal to buy and possess under state law. Federal law sets no general capacity cap. A handful of cities nationwide have local rules, so verify locally if in doubt.", "source_url": "https://dps.mn.gov/divisions/bca/public-services-bca/firearms-information/permit-carry", "verified_at": "2026-06-07" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "mn", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.duty_to_inform", "status": "conditional", "summary": "No proactive duty — but a permit holder must have the permit card and photo ID when carrying and display them upon lawful demand (Minn. Stat. § 624.714 subd. 1b(a), petty misdemeanor), and UPON AN OFFICER'S REQUEST must disclose whether they are currently carrying (subd. 1b(d)). Minnesota requires a carry permit, so these rules cover all lawful public carriers.", "source_url": "https://www.revisor.mn.gov/statutes/cite/624.714", "verified_at": "2026-07-18" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "mn", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.open_carry", "status": "conditional", "summary": "Open carry of a handgun in Minnesota requires a Minnesota Permit to Carry or a recognized out-of-state permit. The same permit covers both open and concealed carry.", "source_url": "https://dps.mn.gov/divisions/bca/public-services-bca/firearms-information/permit-carry", "verified_at": "2026-05-31" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "mn", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.suppressor", "status": "conditional", "summary": "Legal when lawfully possessed under federal law. Minn. Stat. 609.66 subd. 1a makes it a felony to possess \"a suppressor that is not lawfully possessed under federal law\" — an NFA-registered suppressor is legal. Hunting with one is permitted.", "source_url": "https://www.revisor.mn.gov/statutes/cite/609.66", "verified_at": "2026-07-18" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "mo", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.reciprocity", "status": "info", "summary": "Recognizes permits from every state that issues them (honors all). Missouri is also permitless/constitutional carry.", "source_url": "https://ago.mo.gov/get-help/programs-services-from-a-z/concealed-carry-reciprocity/", "verified_at": "2026-05-31" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "mo", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.concealed_carry", "status": "permitted", "summary": "Permitless (\"constitutional\") carry — no permit needed. Optional shall-issue permits available. Minimum age for permitless concealed carry is 19 (18 if active/honorably-discharged military).", "source_url": "https://revisor.mo.gov/main/OneSection.aspx?section=571.101", "verified_at": "2026-07-06" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "mo", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.magazine_capacity", "status": "permitted", "summary": "No state law limits magazine capacity here — standard- and high-capacity magazines are legal to buy and possess under state law. Federal law sets no general capacity cap. A handful of cities nationwide have local rules, so verify locally if in doubt.", "source_url": "https://revisor.mo.gov/main/OneSection.aspx?section=571.030", "verified_at": "2026-06-07" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "mo", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.transport", "status": "permitted", "summary": "No permit needed; a person 19+ (or 18+ military) may transport a concealable firearm in the passenger compartment of a private vehicle if lawfully possessed (RSMo 571.030.3).", "source_url": "https://revisor.mo.gov/main/OneSection.aspx?section=571.030", "verified_at": "2026-05-31" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "mo", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.possession", "status": "permitted", "summary": "Missouri has no red-flag law (also called an Extreme Risk Protection Order, or ERPO) and no assault-weapon ban, and it strongly preempts local gun laws.", "source_url": "https://revisor.mo.gov/main/OneSection.aspx?section=571.030", "verified_at": "2026-05-31" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "mo", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.open_carry", "status": "permitted", "summary": "Open carry of a handgun is legal in Missouri without a permit for anyone 19 or older who can lawfully possess one. A valid permit overrides local open-carry bans.", "source_url": "https://revisor.mo.gov/main/OneSection.aspx?section=571.030", "verified_at": "2026-05-31" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "mo", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.duty_to_inform", "status": "conditional", "summary": "No proactive duty — a permit holder must carry the permit whenever carrying concealed and display it with photo ID UPON THE REQUEST of any peace officer (RSMo 571.121.1); noncompliance is expressly noncriminal (citation up to $35). The duty attaches only to permit holders — Missouri permitless carriers have no inform or display duty.", "source_url": "https://revisor.mo.gov/main/OneSection.aspx?section=571.121", "verified_at": "2026-07-18" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "mo", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.suppressor", "status": "conditional", "summary": "Legal when possessed in compliance with federal law. Under RSMo 571.020 possessing a firearm silencer is an offense only if done \"in violation of federal law,\" so an NFA-registered suppressor is lawful.", "source_url": "https://revisor.mo.gov/main/OneSection.aspx?section=571.020", "verified_at": "2026-07-18" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "ms", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.magazine_capacity", "status": "permitted", "summary": "No state law limits magazine capacity here — standard- and high-capacity magazines are legal to buy and possess under state law. Federal law sets no general capacity cap. A handful of cities nationwide have local rules, so verify locally if in doubt.", "source_url": "https://www.driverservicebureau.dps.ms.gov/Firearms/Home", "verified_at": "2026-06-07" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "ms", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.possession", "status": "permitted", "summary": "Mississippi has no red-flag law (also called an Extreme Risk Protection Order, or ERPO), and no assault-weapon ban or restriction on magazines.", "source_url": "https://www.driverservicebureau.dps.ms.gov/Firearms/Home", "verified_at": "2026-05-31" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "ms", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.reciprocity", "status": "info", "summary": "Recognizes valid unrevoked unexpired carry licenses issued by other states (broad recognition); also enters written agreements. MS is also permitless carry.", "source_url": "https://www.driverservicebureau.dps.ms.gov/node/51", "verified_at": "2026-05-31" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "ms", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.open_carry", "status": "permitted", "summary": "Open carry of a handgun is legal in Mississippi without a permit for anyone 18 or older who can lawfully possess one.", "source_url": "https://www.driverservicebureau.dps.ms.gov/Firearms/Home", "verified_at": "2026-05-31" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "ms", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.suppressor", "status": "conditional", "summary": "Legal for anyone authorized under federal law. Miss. Code 97-37-31 criminalizes a silencer only \"by a person not authorized to do such under federal law,\" so an NFA-registered suppressor is lawful.", "source_url": "https://billstatus.ls.state.ms.us/documents/2023/html/HB/0900-0999/HB0912PS.htm", "verified_at": "2026-07-18" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "ms", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.duty_to_inform", "status": "conditional", "summary": "No proactive duty — a licensee must carry the license with valid ID whenever armed and display both UPON DEMAND by an officer (Miss. Code § 45-9-101(1)(b), $25 noncriminal offense). Permitless holster/case carry under § 45-9-101(24) carries no display duty. (Code text via the Legislature's official reprint; the Mississippi Code publishes only through LexisNexis.)", "source_url": "https://billstatus.ls.state.ms.us/documents/2024/html/HB/0300-0399/HB0366IN.htm", "verified_at": "2026-07-18" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "ms", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.concealed_carry", "status": "permitted", "summary": "Permitless/constitutional carry: no permit needed to carry concealed if you can lawfully possess (generally 21+). Optional Standard and Enhanced permits available.", "source_url": "https://www.driverservicebureau.dps.ms.gov/Firearms/Home", "verified_at": "2026-07-12" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "ms", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.transport", "status": "permitted", "summary": "No permit needed: anyone 18+ may carry a concealed handgun within a motor vehicle anywhere in the state.", "source_url": "https://www.driverservicebureau.dps.ms.gov/node/51", "verified_at": "2026-05-31" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "mt", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.duty_to_inform", "status": "info", "summary": "No statutory duty to inform and no display-on-demand rule — the full MCA Title 45 ch. 8 part 3 contains no such provision; permitless concealed carry statewide for anyone eligible to possess. Only nonresidents carrying under reciprocity (§ 45-8-329) must keep their out-of-state permit in immediate possession with photo ID.", "source_url": "https://www.dojmt.gov/dci-home/concealed-weapons/", "verified_at": "2026-07-18" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "mt", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.concealed_carry", "status": "permitted", "summary": "Permitless (\"constitutional\") carry statewide — any person eligible to possess may carry concealed without a permit. Optional shall-issue permits (county sheriff, 18+).", "source_url": "https://dojmt.gov/dci-home/concealed-weapons/", "verified_at": "2026-07-06" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "mt", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.transport", "status": "permitted", "summary": "No permit needed; Montana has no prohibition on carrying a handgun (loaded or unloaded) in a motor vehicle.", "source_url": "https://dojmt.gov/dci-home/concealed-weapons/", "verified_at": "2026-05-31" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "mt", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.open_carry", "status": "permitted", "summary": "Open carry of a handgun is legal in Montana without a permit. Local governments may regulate certain areas.", "source_url": "https://dojmt.gov/dci-home/concealed-weapons/", "verified_at": "2026-05-31" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "mt", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.magazine_capacity", "status": "permitted", "summary": "No state law limits magazine capacity here — standard- and high-capacity magazines are legal to buy and possess under state law. Federal law sets no general capacity cap. A handful of cities nationwide have local rules, so verify locally if in doubt.", "source_url": "https://dojmt.gov/dci-home/concealed-weapons/", "verified_at": "2026-06-07" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "mt", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.reciprocity", "status": "info", "summary": "Recognizes permits from states that require a background check before issuance (a specific list; DE, DC, HI, ME, NH, RI not recognized; VT issues none). Montana is also permitless.", "source_url": "https://dojmt.gov/dci-home/concealed-weapons/", "verified_at": "2026-05-31" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "mt", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.suppressor", "status": "conditional", "summary": "Legal. Under MCA 45-8-336 mere possession is NOT a crime — it is an offense only if possessed \"with the purpose to use it to commit an offense.\" NFA-registered suppressors are lawful and hunting with sound-reduction devices is allowed.", "source_url": "https://archive.legmt.gov/bills/mca/title_0450/chapter_0080/part_0030/section_0360/0450-0080-0030-0360.html", "verified_at": "2026-07-18" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "mt", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.possession", "status": "permitted", "summary": "Montana has no red-flag law (also called an Extreme Risk Protection Order, or ERPO), and no assault-weapon ban or restriction on magazines; state preemption of local gun laws is strong.", "source_url": "https://dojmt.gov/dci-home/concealed-weapons/", "verified_at": "2026-05-31" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "nc", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.reciprocity", "status": "info", "summary": "Honors all states' valid concealed-handgun permits (since Dec 1, 2011). Out-of-state holders must follow NC carry rules.", "source_url": "https://ncdoj.gov/law-enforcement-training/law-enforcement-liason/concealed-weapon-reciprocity/", "verified_at": "2026-05-31" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "nc", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.magazine_capacity", "status": "permitted", "summary": "No state law limits magazine capacity here — standard- and high-capacity magazines are legal to buy and possess under state law. Federal law sets no general capacity cap. A handful of cities nationwide have local rules, so verify locally if in doubt.", "source_url": "https://www.ncleg.gov/Laws/GeneralStatutesTOC", "verified_at": "2026-06-07" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "nc", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.open_carry", "status": "permitted", "summary": "Open carry of a handgun is legal in North Carolina without a permit for anyone 18 or older who is not prohibited. Carrying \"to the terror of the public\" remains unlawful.", "source_url": "https://ncdoj.gov/law-enforcement-training/law-enforcement-liason/concealed-weapon-reciprocity/", "verified_at": "2026-05-31" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "nc", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.transport", "status": "conditional", "summary": "Without a concealed handgun permit, a handgun in a vehicle must not be BOTH hidden from view and readily accessible. Openly displayed is lawful — and so is a locked glove box, a locked console, or the trunk. Under the front seat, or in an unlocked glove box or console, is unlawful: Class 2 misdemeanor for a first offense, Class H felony for a second or subsequent one. (N.C.G.S. 14-269.) Note: SB 50 permitless carry passed the Senate over a veto in July 2025 but the House has never voted; it is NOT law.", "source_url": "https://www.ncleg.gov/EnactedLegislation/Statutes/HTML/BySection/Chapter_14/GS_14-269.html", "verified_at": "2026-07-28" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "nc", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.duty_to_inform", "status": "conditional", "summary": "YES — proactive duty. A permit holder must disclose to any law-enforcement officer that they hold a valid permit and are carrying a concealed handgun whenever APPROACHED OR ADDRESSED by the officer, and display the permit and ID on request (G.S. 14-415.11(a)). NC still requires a permit: the SB 50 permitless-carry bill was vetoed June 20, 2025 and the Senate overrode the veto July 29, 2025, but the House has never voted on the override — it was last placed on the House calendar for April 21, 2026. SB 50 is NOT law.", "source_url": "https://www.ncleg.gov/EnactedLegislation/Statutes/HTML/BySection/Chapter_14/GS_14-415.11.html", "verified_at": "2026-08-17" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "nc", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.suppressor", "status": "conditional", "summary": "Legal when NFA-compliant. N.C.G.S. 14-288.8 classifies a silencer as a \"weapon of mass death and destruction\" but exempts persons who own it in compliance with the National Firearms Act, so a registered suppressor with an ATF tax stamp is legal.", "source_url": "https://www.ncleg.gov/EnactedLegislation/Statutes/HTML/BySection/Chapter_14/GS_14-288.8.html", "verified_at": "2026-07-18" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "nc", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.concealed_carry", "status": "conditional", "summary": "Permit required to carry concealed — shall-issue (county sheriff). Minimum age 21. Not permitless.", "source_url": "https://ncdoj.gov/law-enforcement-training/law-enforcement-liason/concealed-weapon-reciprocity/", "verified_at": "2026-07-06" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "nc", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.possession", "status": "permitted", "summary": "North Carolina has no red-flag law (also called an Extreme Risk Protection Order, or ERPO), and no assault-weapon ban or state-level restriction on magazines.", "source_url": "https://www.ncleg.gov/Laws/GeneralStatutesTOC", "verified_at": "2026-05-31" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "nd", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.duty_to_inform", "status": "conditional", "summary": "Disclosure required only ON INQUIRY, not proactively. A permitless carrier must inform an officer of the concealed firearm IF THE OFFICER ASKS (NDCC 62.1-04-04(2)); licensees must carry the license (or digital image) and give it to an officer for inspection upon request (62.1-04-04(1), noncriminal $20). The old inform-on-initial-contact rule is gone from the current Century Code.", "source_url": "https://ndlegis.gov/cencode/t62-1c04.pdf", "verified_at": "2026-07-18" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "nd", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.magazine_capacity", "status": "permitted", "summary": "No state law limits magazine capacity here — standard- and high-capacity magazines are legal to buy and possess under state law. Federal law sets no general capacity cap. A handful of cities nationwide have local rules, so verify locally if in doubt.", "source_url": "https://ndlegis.gov/cencode/t62-1.html", "verified_at": "2026-06-07" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "nd", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.suppressor", "status": "conditional", "summary": "Legal via the federal NFA process — no state ban. NDCC 20.1-01-36 expressly allows a person in lawful possession of a suppressor to hunt any game for which they are licensed.", "source_url": "https://ndlegis.gov/cencode/t20-1c01.pdf", "verified_at": "2026-07-18" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "nd", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.open_carry", "status": "permitted", "summary": "Open carry of a handgun is legal in North Dakota without a permit for any eligible adult 18 or older.", "source_url": "https://attorneygeneral.nd.gov/public-safety/constitutional-concealed-carry/", "verified_at": "2026-05-31" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "nd", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.possession", "status": "permitted", "summary": "North Dakota has no red-flag law (also called an Extreme Risk Protection Order, or ERPO), and no assault-weapon ban or state-level restriction on magazines.", "source_url": "https://attorneygeneral.nd.gov/public-safety/", "verified_at": "2026-05-31" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "nd", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.concealed_carry", "status": "permitted", "summary": "Permitless/constitutional carry. Any eligible person 18+ with valid ID (resident or, since 2023, visitor) may carry concealed; must notify law enforcement on contact. Optional Class 1/2 licenses. Minimum age 18.", "source_url": "https://attorneygeneral.nd.gov/public-safety/constitutional-concealed-carry/", "verified_at": "2026-07-06" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "nd", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.reciprocity", "status": "info", "summary": "Recognizes valid licenses from states that reciprocate with ND (a published Class 1 list; Class 2 shorter). ND is also permitless carry.", "source_url": "https://attorneygeneral.nd.gov/public-safety/concealed-weapon-licenses-2/reciprocity-with-other-states/", "verified_at": "2026-05-31" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "nd", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.transport", "status": "conditional", "summary": "An unloaded handgun may always be transported. A loaded/accessible concealed handgun requires permitless-carry eligibility (18+, valid ID) or a license; otherwise transport unloaded, in a locked trunk, or a secured case.", "source_url": "https://ndlegis.gov/cencode/t62-1c04.pdf", "verified_at": "2026-05-31" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "ne", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.magazine_capacity", "status": "permitted", "summary": "No state law limits magazine capacity here — standard- and high-capacity magazines are legal to buy and possess under state law. Federal law sets no general capacity cap. A handful of cities nationwide have local rules, so verify locally if in doubt.", "source_url": "https://statepatrol.nebraska.gov/services/concealed-handgun-permits/nebraska-reciprocity", "verified_at": "2026-06-07" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "ne", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.open_carry", "status": "permitted", "summary": "Open carry of a handgun is legal in Nebraska without a permit for anyone who is not a prohibited person. Some local ordinances apply, such as in Omaha.", "source_url": "https://statepatrol.nebraska.gov/services/concealed-handgun-permits/nebraska-reciprocity", "verified_at": "2026-05-31" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "ne", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.transport", "status": "permitted", "summary": "No permit needed (permitless); a non-prohibited adult may carry a concealed handgun in a vehicle. Travelers from non-recognized states are asked to transport unloaded, encased, inaccessible.", "source_url": "https://statepatrol.nebraska.gov/services/concealed-handgun-permits/nebraska-reciprocity", "verified_at": "2026-05-31" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "ne", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.possession", "status": "permitted", "summary": "Nebraska has no red-flag law (also called an Extreme Risk Protection Order, or ERPO), and no assault-weapon ban or state limit on magazine capacity.", "source_url": "https://statepatrol.nebraska.gov/services/concealed-handgun-permits/nebraska-reciprocity", "verified_at": "2026-05-31" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "ne", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.reciprocity", "status": "info", "summary": "Permitless, so visitors may carry without a permit. The State Patrol publishes full and limited (21+/class) recognition lists for permit purposes.", "source_url": "https://statepatrol.nebraska.gov/services/concealed-handgun-permits/nebraska-reciprocity", "verified_at": "2026-05-31" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "ne", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.concealed_carry", "status": "permitted", "summary": "Permitless (\"constitutional\") carry since Sept 2, 2023 for non-prohibited persons 21+ (\"minor\" = under 21; 18-20 only if armed-forces member or peace officer). Optional shall-issue permits (21+).", "source_url": "https://statepatrol.nebraska.gov/services/concealed-handgun-permits/nebraska-reciprocity", "verified_at": "2026-07-02" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "ne", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.duty_to_inform", "status": "conditional", "summary": "YES — proactive duty for ALL concealed carriers, permit or not. Neb. Rev. Stat. § 28-1202.04(2) (extended to permitless carry by LB 77, 2023) requires anyone carrying a concealed handgun who is contacted by a peace officer or emergency personnel to immediately inform them; the officer may secure the handgun during the contact. Exception for a handgun stored unloaded and cased in a vehicle. Violation starts as a Class III misdemeanor and escalates with repeats.", "source_url": "https://nebraskalegislature.gov/laws/statutes.php?statute=28-1202.04", "verified_at": "2026-07-18" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "ne", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.suppressor", "status": "conditional", "summary": "Legal via the NFA — Nebraska''s prohibited-weapons statute (Neb. Rev. Stat. 28-1203) lists only machine guns and short rifles/shotguns; silencers are not listed. Nebraska legalized hunting with suppressors in 2014.", "source_url": "https://nebraskalegislature.gov/laws/statutes.php?statute=28-1203", "verified_at": "2026-07-18" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "nh", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.duty_to_inform", "status": "info", "summary": "No duty to inform and no license-display statute — RSA Chapter 159 contains no provision requiring a carrier to notify an officer or present a license. Anyone not prohibited from possessing a firearm may carry openly or concealed without a license (since 2017); the optional license exists mainly for reciprocity.", "source_url": "https://gc.nh.gov/rsa/html/XII/159/159-mrg.htm", "verified_at": "2026-07-18" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "nh", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.transport", "status": "permitted", "summary": "No permit needed; a person 18+ not prohibited may carry a loaded handgun in a private vehicle without a license.", "source_url": "https://www.nhsp.dos.nh.gov/our-services/justice-information-bureau/permits-and-licensing/pistol-and-revolver-licensing", "verified_at": "2026-05-31" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "nh", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.possession", "status": "permitted", "summary": "New Hampshire has no red-flag law (also called an Extreme Risk Protection Order, or ERPO), and no assault-weapon ban or state limit on magazine capacity.", "source_url": "https://www.nhsp.dos.nh.gov/our-services/justice-information-bureau/permits-and-licensing/pistol-and-revolver-licensing", "verified_at": "2026-05-31" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "nh", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.reciprocity", "status": "info", "summary": "Permitless, so any non-prohibited person 18+ may carry without a permit; out-of-state permits not needed to carry in NH.", "source_url": "https://www.nhsp.dos.nh.gov/our-services/justice-information-bureau/permits-and-licensing/pistol-and-revolver-licensing", "verified_at": "2026-05-31" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "nh", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.open_carry", "status": "permitted", "summary": "Open carry of a handgun is legal in New Hampshire without a license for anyone 18 or older who can lawfully possess one.", "source_url": "https://www.nhsp.dos.nh.gov/our-services/justice-information-bureau/permits-and-licensing/pistol-and-revolver-licensing", "verified_at": "2026-05-31" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "nh", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.concealed_carry", "status": "permitted", "summary": "Permitless (\"constitutional\") carry since Feb 2017 — no license needed to carry openly or concealed for anyone 18+ who can lawfully possess. Optional licenses available. Minimum age 18.", "source_url": "https://www.nhsp.dos.nh.gov/our-services/justice-information-bureau/permits-and-licensing/pistol-and-revolver-licensing", "verified_at": "2026-07-12" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "nh", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.suppressor", "status": "conditional", "summary": "Legal via the NFA — New Hampshire has no ownership-ban statute. The former prohibition on hunting with a silencer (RSA 207:4) was repealed in 2016, so hunting with a suppressor is now allowed.", "source_url": "https://gc.nh.gov/rsa/html/XVIII/207/207-4.htm", "verified_at": "2026-07-18" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "nh", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.magazine_capacity", "status": "permitted", "summary": "No state law limits magazine capacity here — standard- and high-capacity magazines are legal to buy and possess under state law. Federal law sets no general capacity cap. A handful of cities nationwide have local rules, so verify locally if in doubt.", "source_url": "https://www.nhsp.dos.nh.gov/our-services/justice-information-bureau/permits-and-licensing/pistol-and-revolver-licensing", "verified_at": "2026-06-07" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "nj", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.possession", "status": "restricted", "summary": "New Jersey has a red-flag law (Extreme Risk Protective Order Act, 2018/2019) and bans \"assault firearms\" and magazines holding more than 10 rounds.", "source_url": "https://www.njoag.gov/permittocarry/", "verified_at": "2026-05-31" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "nj", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.suppressor", "status": "restricted", "summary": "BANNED for civilians. Under N.J.S.A. 2C:39-3(c), knowingly possessing any firearm silencer is a fourth-degree crime. A federal NFA tax stamp does NOT make a suppressor legal in New Jersey.", "source_url": "https://pub.njleg.gov/Bills/2024/A5000/4974_I1.HTM", "verified_at": "2026-08-02" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "nj", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.duty_to_inform", "status": "conditional", "summary": "YES — proactive duty (new, Dec. 2022). N.J.S.A. 2C:58-4.4(b) requires a permit holder stopped or detained while carrying in public or traveling with a handgun in a vehicle to immediately disclose that they are carrying (or that a handgun is stored in the vehicle) AND display the carry permit. Failing to disclose is a fourth-degree crime; failing to display starts as a disorderly-persons offense with a $100 fine.", "source_url": "https://pub.njleg.state.nj.us/Bills/2022/PL22/131_.PDF", "verified_at": "2026-07-18" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "nj", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.open_carry", "status": "restricted", "summary": "Open carry is prohibited in New Jersey — even with a Permit to Carry. A permit authorizes carry only \"in a holster concealed on their person\"; carrying a handgun openly in public is a fourth-degree crime whether or not you hold a permit. Brief incidental exposure while re-holstering, or from a shift of clothing, is a de minimis infraction. Carrying outside a holster is also a fourth-degree crime and grounds for permit revocation.", "source_url": "https://pub.njleg.state.nj.us/Bills/2022/PL22/131_.HTM", "verified_at": "2026-07-30" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "nj", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.concealed_carry", "status": "restricted", "summary": "Permit required (Permit to Carry); post-Bruen NJ issues to qualified applicants, but carry without a NJ permit is illegal. Minimum age 21. Very restrictive.", "source_url": "https://www.njoag.gov/permittocarry/", "verified_at": "2026-07-12" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "nj", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.reciprocity", "status": "restricted", "summary": "Recognizes NO out-of-state carry permits. A non-resident must obtain a NJ Permit to Carry.", "source_url": "https://www.njoag.gov/permittocarry/", "verified_at": "2026-05-31" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "nj", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.magazine_capacity", "status": "restricted", "summary": "Magazines over 10 rounds prohibited to possess or sell.", "source_url": "https://www.njoag.gov/permittocarry/", "verified_at": "2026-05-31" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "nj", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.transport", "status": "restricted", "summary": "Without a Permit to Carry, a handgun must be UNLOADED, in a closed fastened case or locked box (or trunk), ammunition separate, and only for limited lawful purposes (N.J.S.A. 2C:39-6). No carrying on the person.", "source_url": "https://www.nj.gov/oag/njsp/firearms/firearms-faqs.shtml", "verified_at": "2026-05-31" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "nm", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.possession", "status": "conditional", "summary": "New Mexico has a red-flag law (Extreme Risk Firearm Protection Order Act, 2020), and currently has no assault-weapon ban or magazine limit, though both have been proposed.", "source_url": "https://nmdoj.gov/get-help/extreme-risk-firearm-protection-order-act/", "verified_at": "2026-05-31" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "nm", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.open_carry", "status": "permitted", "summary": "Open carry of a loaded handgun is legal in New Mexico without a license for anyone who can lawfully possess one, generally 19 or older, and location restrictions apply.", "source_url": "https://www.dps.nm.gov/law-enforcement-records-bureau/concealed-carry-licenses/", "verified_at": "2026-05-31" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "nm", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.transport", "status": "permitted", "summary": "No permit needed to transport — NM treats a vehicle as an extension of the home, so a non-prohibited person may have a loaded handgun in the vehicle. A license is required to carry concealed on the person after exiting.", "source_url": "https://www.dps.nm.gov/law-enforcement-records-bureau/concealed-carry-licenses/", "verified_at": "2026-05-31" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "nm", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.reciprocity", "status": "conditional", "summary": "Recognizes concealed-handgun licenses from a specific list of states only; all others NOT accepted. NM is NOT permitless for concealed (open carry allowed without permit).", "source_url": "https://www.dps.nm.gov/law-enforcement-records-bureau/concealed-carry-licenses/", "verified_at": "2026-05-31" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "nm", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.magazine_capacity", "status": "conditional", "summary": "No state limit currently in effect. (Restriction bills proposed but not enacted — VERIFY.)", "source_url": "https://www.dps.nm.gov/law-enforcement-records-bureau/concealed-carry-licenses/", "verified_at": "2026-05-31" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "nm", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.suppressor", "status": "conditional", "summary": "Legal via the federal NFA — New Mexico has no state statute banning civilian possession (a 2023 ban attempt failed). Game & Fish rules don''t prohibit suppressors, so hunting with an NFA-registered suppressor is lawful.", "source_url": "https://wildlife.dgf.nm.gov/hunting/general-rules/", "verified_at": "2026-07-18" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "nm", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.concealed_carry", "status": "conditional", "summary": "Permit required to carry CONCEALED — shall-issue via Dept. of Public Safety. Minimum age 21. (Open carry needs no license.) Not permitless for concealed.", "source_url": "https://www.dps.nm.gov/law-enforcement-records-bureau/concealed-carry-licenses/", "verified_at": "2026-07-06" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "nm", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.duty_to_inform", "status": "conditional", "summary": "No proactive duty — a licensee must have the concealed handgun license in possession at all times while carrying (NMSA § 29-19-9) and, under the DPS carry rule (10.8.2 NMAC, updated eff. 12/9/2025), must display it UPON DEMAND by a peace officer. New Mexico requires a license for concealed carry of a loaded firearm.", "source_url": "https://www.dps.nm.gov/wp-content/uploads/2026/02/Concealed-Handgun-Carry-Act-Booklet-updated.pdf", "verified_at": "2026-07-18" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "nv", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.magazine_capacity", "status": "permitted", "summary": "No state magazine-capacity limit for handguns or long guns.", "source_url": "https://www.leg.state.nv.us/nrs/nrs-202.html", "verified_at": "2026-06-05" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "nv", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.possession", "status": "conditional", "summary": "Nevada has a red-flag law (High-Risk Protection Orders, NRS 33.500, 2019), and has no assault-weapon ban and no magazine limit.", "source_url": "https://www.leg.state.nv.us/NRS/NRS-033.html", "verified_at": "2026-05-31" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "nv", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.transport", "status": "permitted", "summary": "No permit needed to transport a firearm in a vehicle. A loaded handgun may be carried openly or kept in the glovebox, console, or trunk. Long guns may have a loaded magazine but no round in the chamber.", "source_url": "https://www.leg.state.nv.us/nrs/nrs-202.html", "verified_at": "2026-06-05" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "nv", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.suppressor", "status": "conditional", "summary": "Legal when federally authorized. NRS 202.350 makes possessing a silencer a category C felony \"unless authorized by federal law,\" and subsection 6 exempts anyone licensed/authorized under federal law — an NFA-registered suppressor with an ATF tax stamp is lawful.", "source_url": "https://www.leg.state.nv.us/nrs/nrs-202.html", "verified_at": "2026-07-18" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "nv", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.open_carry", "status": "permitted", "summary": "Open carry is legal in Nevada without a permit: anyone 18 or older who may lawfully possess a firearm may openly carry in most public places. Standard location limits apply, including K-12 schools, child care, federal buildings, and posted private property.", "source_url": "https://www.leg.state.nv.us/nrs/nrs-202.html", "verified_at": "2026-06-05" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "nv", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.duty_to_inform", "status": "conditional", "summary": "No proactive duty — Nevada permittees must carry the permit together with proper identification whenever in actual possession of a concealed firearm, and both MUST BE PRESENTED IF REQUESTED by a peace officer (NRS 202.3667); violation is a $25 civil penalty. Nevada requires a CCW permit for concealed carry, so this covers all lawful concealed carriers.", "source_url": "https://www.leg.state.nv.us/NRS/NRS-202.html", "verified_at": "2026-07-18" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "nv", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.reciprocity", "status": "conditional", "summary": "Recognizes a specific list of states' permits (effective July 1, 2026). A recognized holder who becomes a NV resident must obtain a NV permit within 60 days.", "source_url": "https://www.rccd.nv.gov/siteassets/content/resources/2026-ccw-recognition-list.pdf", "verified_at": "2026-07-06" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "nv", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.concealed_carry", "status": "conditional", "summary": "Permit required to carry concealed — shall-issue (county sheriff). Minimum age 21 (18-20 only for qualifying military). Not permitless.", "source_url": "https://www.rccd.nv.gov/resources/carry-concealed-weapon-ccw-permit/", "verified_at": "2026-07-06" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "ny", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.transport", "status": "restricted", "summary": "A handgun requires a NY license to possess; a person without one generally may not transport a handgun (outside narrow federal FOPA peaceable-journey). A licensee's unattended vehicle handgun must be unloaded and in a locked container hidden from view (not glove box); NYC stricter.", "source_url": "https://troopers.ny.gov/firearms", "verified_at": "2026-05-31" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "ny", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.reciprocity", "status": "restricted", "summary": "Recognizes NO out-of-state pistol licenses. A NY license is required to possess or carry a handgun.", "source_url": "https://troopers.ny.gov/firearms", "verified_at": "2026-05-31" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "ny", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.magazine_capacity", "status": "restricted", "summary": "Magazines may not hold more than 10 rounds (and unlawful to load more than 10) under the SAFE Act.", "source_url": "https://gunsafety.ny.gov/changes-safe-act", "verified_at": "2026-05-31" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "ny", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.suppressor", "status": "restricted", "summary": "BANNED. Under N.Y. Penal Law 265.02(2), possessing a firearm silencer is criminal possession of a weapon in the third degree, a class D felony. A federal NFA tax stamp does NOT make a suppressor legal in New York.", "source_url": "https://www.nysenate.gov/legislation/laws/PEN/265.02", "verified_at": "2026-07-18" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "ny", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.possession", "status": "restricted", "summary": "New York has a red-flag law (Extreme Risk Protection Orders) and bans \"assault weapons\" and magazines holding more than 10 rounds under the SAFE Act.", "source_url": "https://www.ny.gov/programs/red-flag-gun-protection-law", "verified_at": "2026-05-31" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "ny", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.open_carry", "status": "restricted", "summary": "Open carry of a handgun is effectively not permitted in New York — the only license is to \"carry concealed.\"", "source_url": "https://troopers.ny.gov/firearms", "verified_at": "2026-05-31" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "ny", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.concealed_carry", "status": "restricted", "summary": "License required (carry-concealed pistol license); post-Bruen shall-issue but requires training, references, interview, \"good moral character\" review. Minimum age 21. Many sensitive locations off-limits.", "source_url": "https://troopers.ny.gov/firearms", "verified_at": "2026-07-12" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "ny", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.duty_to_inform", "status": "conditional", "summary": "No proactive duty — every licensee carrying a pistol or revolver must have the license on their person, and UPON DEMAND it must be exhibited for inspection to a peace or police officer (Penal Law § 400.00(8)). A license is required to carry a handgun in New York at all, so this presentment rule covers all lawful carriers; the 2022 CCIA added no volunteer duty.", "source_url": "https://www.nysenate.gov/legislation/laws/PEN/400.00", "verified_at": "2026-07-18" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "oh", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.transport", "status": "conditional", "summary": "A qualifying adult 21+ may transport a loaded handgun, including concealed, in a vehicle. Someone under 21 without a license must transport unloaded, in a closed case or in plain sight.", "source_url": "https://codes.ohio.gov/ohio-revised-code/section-2923.16", "verified_at": "2026-05-31" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "oh", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.duty_to_inform", "status": "conditional", "summary": "No proactive duty since June 13, 2022 (SB 215) — but you must truthfully disclose WHEN ASKED: it is a second-degree misdemeanor to knowingly fail to disclose carrying before or at the time an officer asks during a stop (ORC 2923.12(B)(1)); you must also keep hands in plain sight, not touch the gun, and obey orders. Permitless carriers (21+) have the identical duty via ORC 2923.111(C)(1)(c).", "source_url": "https://codes.ohio.gov/ohio-revised-code/section-2923.12", "verified_at": "2026-07-18" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "oh", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.concealed_carry", "status": "permitted", "summary": "Permitless/constitutional carry. A qualifying adult 21+ legally able to possess may carry concealed without a license. Optional CCW available. Minimum age 21.", "source_url": "https://www.ohioattorneygeneral.gov/Law-Enforcement/Concealed-Carry", "verified_at": "2026-07-06" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "oh", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.magazine_capacity", "status": "permitted", "summary": "No state law limits magazine capacity here — standard- and high-capacity magazines are legal to buy and possess under state law. Federal law sets no general capacity cap. A handful of cities nationwide have local rules, so verify locally if in doubt.", "source_url": "https://codes.ohio.gov/ohio-revised-code/chapter-2923", "verified_at": "2026-06-07" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "oh", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.suppressor", "status": "conditional", "summary": "Legal — Ohio classifies a suppressor as \"dangerous ordnance,\" but ORC 2923.17(C)(5) exempts owners whose device is registered in the federal NFA registry, so possession is lawful with an ATF stamp. Suppressor hunting is authorized.", "source_url": "https://codes.ohio.gov/ohio-revised-code/section-2923.17", "verified_at": "2026-07-18" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "oh", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.reciprocity", "status": "info", "summary": "Honors all states' valid concealed-handgun licenses (since Mar 23, 2015, with or without an agreement). Ohio is also permitless carry.", "source_url": "https://www.ohioattorneygeneral.gov/Law-Enforcement/Concealed-Carry/Concealed-Carry-Reciprocity-Agreements", "verified_at": "2026-05-31" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "oh", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.open_carry", "status": "permitted", "summary": "Open carry of a handgun is legal in Ohio without a license for anyone 18 or older who is not prohibited.", "source_url": "https://www.ohioattorneygeneral.gov/Law-Enforcement/Concealed-Carry", "verified_at": "2026-05-31" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "oh", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.possession", "status": "permitted", "summary": "Ohio has no red-flag law (also called an Extreme Risk Protection Order, or ERPO), and no assault-weapon ban or state-level restriction on magazines.", "source_url": "https://codes.ohio.gov/ohio-revised-code/chapter-2923", "verified_at": "2026-05-31" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "ok", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.reciprocity", "status": "info", "summary": "Honors all states' valid handgun licenses, and lets residents of other permitless states carry under their home-state rules. Oklahoma is also permitless carry.", "source_url": "https://oklahoma.gov/osbi/services/information-services-division/self-defense-act-unit/handgun-licensing/oklahoma-handgun-reciprocity-states.html", "verified_at": "2026-05-31" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "ok", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.open_carry", "status": "permitted", "summary": "Open carry of a handgun is legal in Oklahoma without a license for eligible people 21 or older, or 18 and older for military members and veterans.", "source_url": "https://oklahoma.gov/osbi/services/information-services-division/self-defense-act-unit.html", "verified_at": "2026-05-31" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "ok", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.transport", "status": "conditional", "summary": "A person eligible to carry (21+, or 18+ military/veteran) may transport a handgun in a vehicle loaded or unloaded, concealed or open. Someone not eligible should transport unloaded.", "source_url": "https://oklahoma.gov/osbi/services/information-services-division/self-defense-act-unit.html", "verified_at": "2026-05-31" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "ok", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.possession", "status": "permitted", "summary": "Oklahoma has no red-flag law (also called an Extreme Risk Protection Order, or ERPO) — it has an \"anti-red-flag\" law — and no assault-weapon ban or restriction on magazines.", "source_url": "https://oklahoma.gov/osbi/services/information-services-division/self-defense-act-unit.html", "verified_at": "2026-05-31" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "ok", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.concealed_carry", "status": "permitted", "summary": "Permitless/constitutional carry. Eligible persons 21+ (or 18+ military/veteran) may carry concealed without a license. Optional SDA license available. Minimum age 21 (18 military/vet).", "source_url": "https://oklahoma.gov/osbi/services/information-services-division/self-defense-act-unit.html", "verified_at": "2026-07-06" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "ok", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.magazine_capacity", "status": "permitted", "summary": "No state law limits magazine capacity here — standard- and high-capacity magazines are legal to buy and possess under state law. Federal law sets no general capacity cap. A handful of cities nationwide have local rules, so verify locally if in doubt.", "source_url": "https://oklahoma.gov/osbi/services/information-services-division/self-defense-act-unit.html", "verified_at": "2026-06-07" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "ok", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.duty_to_inform", "status": "conditional", "summary": "Duty to identify only UPON DEMAND. It is unlawful to fail or refuse to identify possession of a concealed or unconcealed firearm during any arrest, detainment or routine traffic stop when the officer demands it — and the statute expressly says no disclosure is required if the officer does not ask (21 O.S. § 1290.8(D), citation up to $100). Carriers must also carry and display on demand a handgun license, driver license, or state photo ID (§ 1290.8(C); permitless carry legal since 2019).", "source_url": "https://www.oscn.net/applications/oscn/DeliverDocument.asp?CiteID=69791", "verified_at": "2026-07-18" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "ok", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.suppressor", "status": "conditional", "summary": "Legal via the NFA — no state ban. The Dept. of Wildlife Conservation permits legally acquired suppressors to hunt game and birds on both private and public lands.", "source_url": "https://www.wildlifedepartment.com/hunting/regs/general-hunting-regulations", "verified_at": "2026-07-18" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "or", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.reciprocity", "status": "restricted", "summary": "Recognizes none. Oregon does not honor any other state's concealed-handgun license; only an Oregon CHL authorizes concealed carry.", "source_url": "https://www.oregon.gov/osp/programs/ftd/Pages/concealed-handgun-licensing.aspx", "verified_at": "2026-05-31" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "or", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.concealed_carry", "status": "conditional", "summary": "Permit required (Concealed Handgun License) via county sheriff for those 21+ showing handgun competence; no non-resident program (narrow contiguous-state waiver). Minimum age 21.", "source_url": "https://www.oregonlegislature.gov/bills_laws/ors/ors166.html", "verified_at": "2026-07-06" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "or", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.suppressor", "status": "conditional", "summary": "Legal with federal registration — ORS 166.272 makes possessing a silencer a Class B felony UNLESS it is registered under federal law (NFA), which is a complete affirmative defense. Complete the ATF Form 4/$200-stamp process.", "source_url": "https://www.oregonlegislature.gov/bills_laws/ors/ors166.html", "verified_at": "2026-07-18" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "or", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.duty_to_inform", "status": "info", "summary": "No statutory duty to inform — ORS chapter 166 has no provision requiring a CHL holder to notify an officer during a stop and no display-on-demand statute; ORS 166.292 only requires that the license be carried whenever carrying concealed (failure is prima facie evidence of non-licensure).", "source_url": "https://www.oregonlegislature.gov/bills_laws/ors/ors166.html", "verified_at": "2026-07-18" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "or", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.open_carry", "status": "conditional", "summary": "Open carry is generally legal in Oregon for adults 18 and older, but many cities and counties — such as Portland and Salem — ban carrying loaded in public without an Oregon Concealed Handgun License (CHL). Check local ordinances.", "source_url": "https://www.oregonlegislature.gov/bills_laws/ors/ors166.html", "verified_at": "2026-05-31" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "or", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.magazine_capacity", "status": "conditional", "summary": "No enforceable state magazine limit at this time. Measure 114's 10-round limit is enjoined and NOT in effect pending Oregon Supreme Court review — VERIFY.", "source_url": "https://www.oregonlegislature.gov/bills_laws/ors/ors166.html", "verified_at": "2026-05-31" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "or", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.transport", "status": "conditional", "summary": "Without a CHL, it is unlawful to have a concealed and readily accessible handgun in a vehicle; transport it unloaded and not readily accessible (e.g., locked trunk or container). A CHL allows a loaded concealed handgun.", "source_url": "https://www.oregonlegislature.gov/bills_laws/ors/ors166.html", "verified_at": "2026-05-31" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "or", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.possession", "status": "restricted", "summary": "Oregon has a red-flag law (Extreme Risk Protection Order), and no assault-weapon ban is currently in force.", "source_url": "https://www.oregonlegislature.gov/bills_laws/ors/ors166.html", "verified_at": "2026-05-31" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "pa", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.open_carry", "status": "conditional", "summary": "Open carry of a handgun is legal in Pennsylvania without a license at 18 and older statewide, except in Philadelphia, where a License to Carry Firearms (LTCF) is required. An LTCF is also required to carry in a vehicle.", "source_url": "https://www.pa.gov/agencies/psp/programs/firearms/carrying-firearms-in-pennsylvania", "verified_at": "2026-05-31" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "pa", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.possession", "status": "permitted", "summary": "Pennsylvania has no red-flag law (also called an Extreme Risk Protection Order, or ERPO), and no assault-weapon ban or state-level restriction on magazines.", "source_url": "https://www.legis.state.pa.us/cfdocs/legis/LI/consCheck.cfm?txtType=HTM&ttl=18&div=0&chpt=61", "verified_at": "2026-05-31" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "pa", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.magazine_capacity", "status": "permitted", "summary": "No state law limits magazine capacity here — standard- and high-capacity magazines are legal to buy and possess under state law. Federal law sets no general capacity cap. A handful of cities nationwide have local rules, so verify locally if in doubt.", "source_url": "https://www.legis.state.pa.us/cfdocs/legis/LI/consCheck.cfm?txtType=HTM&ttl=18&div=0&chpt=61", "verified_at": "2026-06-07" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "pa", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.suppressor", "status": "conditional", "summary": "Legal with federal NFA registration. Under 18 Pa.C.S. 908 a silent-discharge firearm is an \"offensive weapon,\" but 908(b)(1) makes compliance with the National Firearms Act a complete defense. Hunting with a suppressor is permitted.", "source_url": "https://www.palegis.us/statutes/consolidated/view-statute?txtType=HTM&ttl=18&div=0&chpt=9&sctn=8&subsctn=0", "verified_at": "2026-07-18" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "pa", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.transport", "status": "conditional", "summary": "Without an LTCF, a handgun may be transported in a vehicle only unloaded and in a secure manner (e.g., a locked container); carrying loaded in a vehicle without an LTCF (outside home/business) is a felony.", "source_url": "https://www.pa.gov/agencies/psp/programs/firearms/carrying-firearms-in-pennsylvania", "verified_at": "2026-05-31" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "pa", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.concealed_carry", "status": "conditional", "summary": "Permit required (License to Carry Firearms); shall-issue (county sheriff; Philadelphia chief of police), valid 5 years, age 21. Carrying concealed or in a vehicle without a license (outside home/business) is a felony. Not permitless.", "source_url": "https://www.pa.gov/agencies/psp/programs/firearms/carrying-firearms-in-pennsylvania", "verified_at": "2026-07-06" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "pa", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.reciprocity", "status": "conditional", "summary": "Recognizes valid licenses from reciprocity-agreement states plus certain states recognized under 18 Pa.C.S. 6106(b)(15); only non-residents 21+ who reside in the recognized state are covered. Verify the exact current list on the official page.", "source_url": "https://www.attorneygeneral.gov/resources/concealed-carry-reciprocity/", "verified_at": "2026-05-31" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "pa", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.duty_to_inform", "status": "conditional", "summary": "No proactive duty — but when carrying a firearm concealed on the person or in a vehicle, a licensee must produce the license for inspection UPON LAWFUL DEMAND of a law-enforcement officer (18 Pa.C.S. § 6122(a)); failure to produce it creates a rebuttable presumption of non-licensure. Unchanged since 1997.", "source_url": "https://www.palegis.us/statutes/consolidated/view-statute?txtType=HTM&ttl=18&div=0&chpt=61&sctn=22&subsctn=0", "verified_at": "2026-07-18" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "ri", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.open_carry", "status": "restricted", "summary": "Open carry in Rhode Island requires a carry permit. Without a permit you may possess a handgun only in your home, your business, or on land you own.", "source_url": "https://riag.ri.gov/about-our-office/divisions-and-units/bureau-criminal-identification-bci/pistol-permits", "verified_at": "2026-05-31" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "ri", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.transport", "status": "restricted", "summary": "Without a permit, transport a handgun between specified lawful locations only if unloaded and secured. Carrying a loaded/accessible handgun in a vehicle requires an RI permit.", "source_url": "https://webserver.rilegislature.gov/Statutes/TITLE11/11-47/11-47-8.HTM", "verified_at": "2026-07-30" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "ri", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.possession", "status": "restricted", "summary": "Rhode Island has a red-flag law (Extreme Risk Protection Order Act, 2018) and a ban on large-capacity magazines, set at 10 rounds. An assault-weapons ban is now in effect: under the Rhode Island State Assault Weapons Ban Act of 2025 (2025-H 5436 Sub A / S 0359, signed June 2025), as of July 1, 2026 it is illegal to manufacture, sell, offer to sell, transfer, or purchase a defined \"prohibited firearm\" (many semi-automatic rifles, shotguns and pistols with military-style features). Firearms lawfully owned before July 1, 2026 are grandfathered, so no registration is required, though owners may voluntarily obtain a certificate of possession. A violation can carry up to 10 years in prison, a fine of up to $10,000, or both.", "source_url": "https://governor.ri.gov/press-releases/governor-mckee-signs-bill-banning-sale-assault-weapons", "verified_at": "2026-07-13" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "ri", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.suppressor", "status": "restricted", "summary": "BANNED. R.I. Gen. Laws 11-47-20 makes it unlawful to manufacture, sell, purchase, or possess any firearm silencer (min. 1 year imprisonment). Federal NFA registration does NOT make it legal; the sole exception (2024) is for law-enforcement tactical teams.", "source_url": "https://webserver.rilegislature.gov/Statutes/TITLE11/11-47/11-47-20.htm", "verified_at": "2026-07-18" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "ri", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.duty_to_inform", "status": "info", "summary": "No statutory duty to inform — R.I. Gen. Laws ch. 11-47 contains no provision requiring a carrier to notify an officer and no statute requiring the permit to be carried or displayed on demand. Carrying a pistol at all without a license remains a felony (§ 11-47-8(a)).", "source_url": "https://webserver.rilegislature.gov/Statutes/TITLE11/11-47/11-47-8.htm", "verified_at": "2026-07-18" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "ri", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.reciprocity", "status": "restricted", "summary": "Recognizes none. Rhode Island does not honor any other state's concealed-carry permit; an out-of-state visitor needs an RI permit.", "source_url": "https://riag.ri.gov/about-our-office/divisions-and-units/bureau-criminal-identification-bci/pistol-permits", "verified_at": "2026-05-31" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "ri", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.concealed_carry", "status": "restricted", "summary": "Permit required, partly discretionary. The Attorney General \"may issue\" a carry permit to applicants 21+ on a showing of need; local authorities may also issue. Effectively may-issue. Minimum age 21.", "source_url": "https://riag.ri.gov/about-our-office/divisions-and-units/bureau-criminal-identification-bci/pistol-permits", "verified_at": "2026-07-12" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "ri", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.magazine_capacity", "status": "restricted", "summary": "10-round limit. Magazines over 10 rounds banned; possession had to be brought into compliance by Dec 18, 2022.", "source_url": "https://riag.ri.gov/firearm_safety_guidance", "verified_at": "2026-05-31" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "sc", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.possession", "status": "permitted", "summary": "South Carolina has no statewide red-flag law (also called an Extreme Risk Protection Order, or ERPO) in effect, though legislation is pending, and there is no assault-weapon ban or restriction on magazines.", "source_url": "https://www.scstatehouse.gov/code/t23c031.php", "verified_at": "2026-05-31" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "sc", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.open_carry", "status": "permitted", "summary": "Open carry of a handgun is legal in South Carolina without a permit for eligible people 18 or older. This took effect on March 7, 2024 under H.3594.", "source_url": "https://www.sled.sc.gov/constitutional-carry-guidance", "verified_at": "2026-05-31" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "sc", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.suppressor", "status": "conditional", "summary": "Legal to own with federal NFA registration. South Carolina''s prohibited-weapons law (Title 16, Ch. 23) never lists silencers, so ownership is lawful once the federal process is complete. SCDNR imposes no suppressor restriction, so hunting with one is legal.", "source_url": "https://www.scstatehouse.gov/code/t16c023.php", "verified_at": "2026-07-18" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "sc", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.transport", "status": "permitted", "summary": "A person legally able to possess may carry/transport a handgun in a vehicle, loaded or unloaded, openly or concealed, without a permit (permitless carry).", "source_url": "https://www.sled.sc.gov/constitutional-carry-guidance", "verified_at": "2026-05-31" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "sc", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.magazine_capacity", "status": "permitted", "summary": "No state law limits magazine capacity here — standard- and high-capacity magazines are legal to buy and possess under state law. Federal law sets no general capacity cap. A handful of cities nationwide have local rules, so verify locally if in doubt.", "source_url": "https://www.scstatehouse.gov/code/t23c031.php", "verified_at": "2026-06-07" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "sc", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.concealed_carry", "status": "permitted", "summary": "Permitless/constitutional carry since Mar 7, 2024 (H.3594). Eligible persons 18+ may carry concealed without a permit. Optional SLED CWP available for reciprocity. Minimum age 18.", "source_url": "https://www.sled.sc.gov/constitutional-carry-guidance", "verified_at": "2026-07-06" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "sc", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.duty_to_inform", "status": "info", "summary": "No current duty — the 2024 permitless-carry law removed it. H.3594 (Act 111, eff. March 7, 2024) rewrote § 23-31-215, and the former subsection (K) duty to inform and present the permit when an officer requests identification no longer exists; today's (K) only requires reporting a lost/stolen permit card to SLED within 48 hours. Anyone 18+ not prohibited may carry openly or concealed.", "source_url": "https://www.scstatehouse.gov/code/t23c031.php", "verified_at": "2026-07-18" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "sc", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.reciprocity", "status": "info", "summary": "Honors resident permits from states that recognize an SC permit and require a background check + training; automatically recognizes Georgia and North Carolina. SLED publishes the official list. SC is also permitless.", "source_url": "https://www.sled.sc.gov/concealed-weapons-permit", "verified_at": "2026-05-31" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "sd", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.concealed_carry", "status": "permitted", "summary": "Permitless (\"constitutional\") carry. No permit required; anyone 18+ who can lawfully possess may carry concealed. Optional permits (regular/gold/enhanced) for reciprocity.", "source_url": "https://sdlegislature.gov/Statutes/23-7", "verified_at": "2026-07-12" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "sd", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.transport", "status": "permitted", "summary": "No permit needed; SD is permitless, so a person who may lawfully possess may carry a handgun (loaded, concealed or open) in a private vehicle.", "source_url": "https://sdlegislature.gov/Statutes/23-7", "verified_at": "2026-05-31" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "sd", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.magazine_capacity", "status": "permitted", "summary": "No state law limits magazine capacity here — standard- and high-capacity magazines are legal to buy and possess under state law. Federal law sets no general capacity cap. A handful of cities nationwide have local rules, so verify locally if in doubt.", "source_url": "https://sdlegislature.gov/Statutes/23-7", "verified_at": "2026-06-07" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "sd", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.duty_to_inform", "status": "info", "summary": "No statutory duty to inform — permitless concealed carry since July 1, 2019, and nothing in SDCL chapter 23-7 requires a carrier to notify an officer or produce a permit on demand. Optional regular/enhanced/gold-card permits exist mainly for reciprocity.", "source_url": "https://sdlegislature.gov/api/Statutes/23-7-7.html?all=true", "verified_at": "2026-07-18" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "sd", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.open_carry", "status": "permitted", "summary": "Open carry of a handgun is legal in South Dakota without a permit for anyone 18 or older who may lawfully possess one.", "source_url": "https://sdlegislature.gov/Statutes/23-7", "verified_at": "2026-05-31" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "sd", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.possession", "status": "permitted", "summary": "South Dakota has no red-flag law (also called an Extreme Risk Protection Order, or ERPO), and no assault-weapon ban or restriction on magazines.", "source_url": "https://sdlegislature.gov/Statutes/23-7", "verified_at": "2026-05-31" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "sd", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.reciprocity", "status": "info", "summary": "Permitless-carry state; anyone who may lawfully possess may carry. SD also recognizes all other states' valid permits.", "source_url": "https://sdsos.gov/general-services/concealed-pistol-permits/cc-reciprocity.aspx", "verified_at": "2026-05-31" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "sd", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.suppressor", "status": "conditional", "summary": "Legal for civilians who complete the federal NFA process. SDCL 22-14-6 exempts anyone who has registered the weapon federally, and 2026 SB 2 removed silencers from the \"controlled weapon\" definition entirely. Hunting with a suppressor is permitted.", "source_url": "https://mylrc.sdlegislature.gov/api/Documents/299647.pdf", "verified_at": "2026-07-18" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "tn", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.reciprocity", "status": "info", "summary": "Honors all states' valid permits (any facially valid out-of-state handgun permit is valid in TN per its terms). Also permitless carry.", "source_url": "https://www.tn.gov/safety/tnhp/handgun/reciprocity.html", "verified_at": "2026-05-31" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "tn", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.open_carry", "status": "permitted", "summary": "Open carry of a handgun is allowed in Tennessee without a permit for anyone 18 or older who may lawfully possess one.", "source_url": "https://www.tn.gov/safety/tnhp/handgun/faq.html", "verified_at": "2026-05-31" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "tn", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.magazine_capacity", "status": "permitted", "summary": "No state law limits magazine capacity here — standard- and high-capacity magazines are legal to buy and possess under state law. Federal law sets no general capacity cap. A handful of cities nationwide have local rules, so verify locally if in doubt.", "source_url": "https://www.tn.gov/safety/tnhp/handgun/faq.html", "verified_at": "2026-06-07" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "tn", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.concealed_carry", "status": "permitted", "summary": "Permitless carry. No permit required; anyone 18+ who lawfully possesses and is lawfully present may carry openly or concealed (2025 law formalized 18-20). Optional permits available.", "source_url": "https://www.tn.gov/safety/tnhp/handgun.html", "verified_at": "2026-07-06" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "tn", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.suppressor", "status": "conditional", "summary": "Legal when registered under the federal NFA. TN Code 39-17-1302 lists a silencer as a prohibited weapon, but 39-17-1308 provides a complete defense for NFA-registered items. Hunting with a suppressor is legal for persons holding the federal license.", "source_url": "https://publications.tnsosfiles.com/pub/proclamations/06-09-18.pdf", "verified_at": "2026-07-18" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "tn", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.duty_to_inform", "status": "conditional", "summary": "No proactive duty — an enhanced-permit holder must keep the permit in immediate possession while carrying and display it ON DEMAND of an officer (T.C.A. § 39-17-1351(t); same rule for the concealed-only permit under § 39-17-1366). Since permitless carry took effect July 1, 2021, unpermitted carriers have no display duty and no statutory duty to inform.", "source_url": "https://www.tn.gov/safety/tnhp/handgun/permittypes.html", "verified_at": "2026-07-18" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "tn", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.transport", "status": "permitted", "summary": "No permit needed; a loaded handgun may be carried/kept anywhere in a privately owned vehicle by a person not prohibited.", "source_url": "https://www.tn.gov/safety/tnhp/handgun/faq.html", "verified_at": "2026-05-31" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "tn", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.possession", "status": "permitted", "summary": "Tennessee has no red-flag law (also called an Extreme Risk Protection Order, or ERPO) — a 2024 law preempts and bars local ERPO ordinances — and no assault-weapon ban or limit on magazine capacity.", "source_url": "https://www.tn.gov/safety/tnhp/handgun/faq.html", "verified_at": "2026-05-31" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "tx", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.transport", "status": "permitted", "summary": "No permit needed; a person not engaged in criminal activity and not prohibited may carry a handgun in their own motor vehicle (concealed, or if 21+ openly in a holster).", "source_url": "https://guides.sll.texas.gov/gun-laws/carry-of-firearms", "verified_at": "2026-05-31" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "tx", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.reciprocity", "status": "info", "summary": "Texas honors handgun licenses from most states, but not all — Texas DPS publishes a \"No Agreement\" list that currently includes Maine, New Hampshire, Oregon, Vermont and the District of Columbia. Check the DPS reciprocity page for your issuing state before you carry. Texas is also permitless carry for those 21+ who may lawfully possess a handgun.", "source_url": "https://www.dps.texas.gov/section/handgun-licensing/state-reciprocity-information", "verified_at": "2026-08-10" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "tx", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.possession", "status": "permitted", "summary": "Texas has no red-flag law (also called an Extreme Risk Protection Order, or ERPO), and no assault-weapon ban or limit on magazine capacity.", "source_url": "https://www.dps.texas.gov/section/handgun-licensing", "verified_at": "2026-05-31" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "tx", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.open_carry", "status": "permitted", "summary": "Open carry of a handgun is allowed in Texas without a permit at age 21 or older, but the handgun must be carried in a holster.", "source_url": "https://guides.sll.texas.gov/gun-laws/carry-of-firearms", "verified_at": "2026-05-31" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "tx", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.magazine_capacity", "status": "permitted", "summary": "No state law limits magazine capacity here — standard- and high-capacity magazines are legal to buy and possess under state law. Federal law sets no general capacity cap. A handful of cities nationwide have local rules, so verify locally if in doubt.", "source_url": "https://guides.sll.texas.gov/gun-laws/carry-of-firearms", "verified_at": "2026-06-07" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "tx", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.duty_to_inform", "status": "conditional", "summary": "No proactive duty — an LTC holder carrying a handgun must display both their ID and their handgun license only WHEN a magistrate or peace officer DEMANDS identification (Tex. Gov't Code § 411.205); the current section carries no penalty for failure to display. Under 2021 permitless carry (HB 1927), unlicensed carriers have no license and no statutory duty to inform.", "source_url": "https://www.dps.texas.gov/internetforms/Forms/LTC-16.pdf", "verified_at": "2026-07-18" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "tx", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.suppressor", "status": "conditional", "summary": "Legal — Texas imposes no state ban; suppressors are regulated only federally under the NFA. Penal Code 46.05 no longer lists silencers (removed 2015), and TPWD allows suppressors to take any wildlife resource.", "source_url": "https://statutes.capitol.texas.gov/Docs/PE/pdf/PE.46.pdf", "verified_at": "2026-07-18" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "tx", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.concealed_carry", "status": "permitted", "summary": "Permitless carry. No permit required; anyone 21+ who may lawfully possess may carry openly or concealed (courts bar age-only denial of 18-20). Optional License to Carry available.", "source_url": "https://www.dps.texas.gov/section/handgun-licensing", "verified_at": "2026-07-06" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "ut", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.magazine_capacity", "status": "permitted", "summary": "No state law limits magazine capacity here — standard- and high-capacity magazines are legal to buy and possess under state law. Federal law sets no general capacity cap. A handful of cities nationwide have local rules, so verify locally if in doubt.", "source_url": "https://bci.utah.gov/concealed-firearm/", "verified_at": "2026-06-07" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "ut", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.possession", "status": "permitted", "summary": "Utah has no red-flag law (also called an Extreme Risk Protection Order, or ERPO), and no assault-weapon ban or limit on magazine capacity.", "source_url": "https://bci.utah.gov/concealed-firearm/", "verified_at": "2026-05-31" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "ut", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.transport", "status": "permitted", "summary": "No permit needed; a person 21+ who may lawfully possess may carry a loaded handgun anywhere in their vehicle. Loaded long guns in a vehicle require a permit.", "source_url": "https://bci.utah.gov/concealed-firearm/traveling-with-firearms/", "verified_at": "2026-05-31" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "ut", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.concealed_carry", "status": "permitted", "summary": "Permitless carry. No permit required; anyone 21+ who may lawfully possess may carry concealed. Optional Standard (21+) and Provisional (18-20) permits available.", "source_url": "https://bci.utah.gov/concealed-firearm/", "verified_at": "2026-07-06" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "ut", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.open_carry", "status": "permitted", "summary": "Open carry is legal in Utah without a permit, but someone without a permit must keep the firearm unloaded, as Utah defines that term, unless they are 21 or older and carrying under permitless authority.", "source_url": "https://bci.utah.gov/concealed-firearm/", "verified_at": "2026-05-31" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "ut", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.reciprocity", "status": "info", "summary": "Utah honors a concealed-carry permit lawfully issued by any other state — no reciprocity agreement or residency requirement — for carriers 18 and older who may otherwise lawfully possess firearms (Utah Code 53-5a-102.2(1)(c), eff. 5/6/2026). Important: an out-of-state permit is not equal to a Utah permit. If your only permit is from another state, you may not carry at all on the premises of a K-12 school or a daycare (53-5a-102.2(2)(d)(ii)) — a total ban that does not apply to Utah-issued permits, whose holders are barred only from openly carrying at schools and colleges (53-5a-102.2(2)(c)(ii)). Utah also allows permitless carry for adults 21 and older.", "source_url": "https://le.utah.gov/xcode/Title53/Chapter5A/53-5a-S102.2.html", "verified_at": "2026-08-15" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "ut", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.duty_to_inform", "status": "info", "summary": "No statutory duty to inform, even when asked — Utah's official BCI FAQ states there is no legal requirement to identify yourself as armed to an officer (though BCI strongly recommends doing so), and the recodified permit statute (53-5a Part 3, eff. 5/7/2025) contains no display or notification duty. Permitless carry for eligible adults.", "source_url": "https://bci.utah.gov/concealed-firearm/general-information/concealed-firearm-permit-frequently-asked-questions/", "verified_at": "2026-07-18" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "ut", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.suppressor", "status": "conditional", "summary": "Legal — Utah has no state ban; suppressors are lawful NFA items (ATF Form 4/$200 stamp). Hunting with a suppressor is allowed — the DWR big-game prohibited-weapons list does not include suppressors.", "source_url": "https://wildlife.utah.gov/guidebooks/field_regs.pdf", "verified_at": "2026-07-18" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "va", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.duty_to_inform", "status": "conditional", "summary": "No proactive duty — a concealed-handgun-permit holder must have the permit on their person while carrying concealed and display it with government photo ID UPON DEMAND by a law-enforcement officer (Va. Code § 18.2-308.01(A)); failure to display is a $25 civil penalty, waivable on later presentation to the court. Virginia requires a permit for concealed carry.", "source_url": "https://law.lis.virginia.gov/vacode/title18.2/section18.2-308.01/", "verified_at": "2026-07-18" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "va", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.open_carry", "status": "permitted", "summary": "Open carry of a handgun is generally legal in Virginia without a permit at 18 and older for anyone who may lawfully possess one. Some listed localities restrict certain high-capacity long guns.", "source_url": "https://vsp.virginia.gov/services/firearms/faq/", "verified_at": "2026-05-31" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "va", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.suppressor", "status": "conditional", "summary": "Legal when federally NFA-compliant — Virginia has no ban on possessing a lawfully-registered suppressor. Hunting with a suppressor is permitted; DWR regulations bar only fully-automatic firearms.", "source_url": "https://law.lis.virginia.gov/vacode/title18.2/chapter7/section18.2-308.7/", "verified_at": "2026-07-18" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "va", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.magazine_capacity", "status": "conditional", "summary": "No statewide magazine possession limit. SB 749 (2026) bans the sale/transfer/import of magazines over 15 rounds from July 1, 2026, but that ban is BLOCKED by preliminary injunctions - made STATEWIDE by a Washington County Circuit Court ruling (Santolla v. Katz, July 7, 2026; onset July 21, 2026) and also enjoined in Crump v. Katz (Lancaster County); the Attorney General is appealing (no stay granted as of this update). Enforcement is currently halted statewide; possession was never banned.", "source_url": "https://lis.virginia.gov/bill-details/20261/SB749", "verified_at": "2026-07-20" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "va", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.transport", "status": "conditional", "summary": "Without a CHP, a handgun in a vehicle must be secured in a closed container/compartment (e.g., glove box or console); carrying concealed on the person requires a CHP. NEW as of July 1, 2026 (§ 18.2-308.7:1): knowingly leaving a handgun in an UNATTENDED vehicle on a public road/public property or in a commercial/retail parking area is a Class 4 misdemeanor unless the handgun is out of plain view in a locked hard-sided container — a locked glove compartment or locked center console qualifies. Antique firearms, law-enforcement officers, and firearms reported lost/stolen are exempt.", "source_url": "https://law.lis.virginia.gov/vacode/18.2-308.7:1/", "verified_at": "2026-07-06" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "va", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.reciprocity", "status": "info", "summary": "Recognition is unchanged today: Virginia recognizes valid permits from all states that issue them, plus DC and the US territories. You must be 21+, carry government-issued photo ID, DISPLAY BOTH THE PERMIT AND THE ID ON DEMAND by a law-enforcement officer, and never have had a Virginia permit revoked (Va. Code 18.2-308.014). Recognition is one-way — other states may not honor a Virginia permit. TWO DATES TO WATCH under SB 115 (2026 c. 879). By DECEMBER 1, 2026 the Attorney General must review the reciprocity agreements in place as of July 1, 2026 and revoke any that fail a \"substantially similar\" test; those agreements chiefly govern whether OTHER states honor Virginia permits, so the nearer risk falls on Virginia permit holders traveling out of state. Then on JULY 1, 2027 the statute is rewritten: Virginia will recognize only states the Attorney General determines have substantially similar standards (State Police will publish the registry), the photo-ID and display-on-demand conditions come out, and Virginia residents will no longer be able to carry on an out-of-state permit (active-duty military and spouses excepted). As of August 2026 no Attorney General determination has been published and the State Police list still shows every state.", "source_url": "https://vsp.virginia.gov/services/firearms/reciprocity-and-recognition/", "verified_at": "2026-08-15" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "va", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.concealed_carry", "status": "conditional", "summary": "Permit required to carry concealed — shall-issue Concealed Handgun Permit. Minimum age 21; in-person training required.", "source_url": "https://vsp.virginia.gov/services/firearms/resident-concealed-handgun-permits/", "verified_at": "2026-07-06" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "va", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.possession", "status": "conditional", "summary": "Virginia has a red-flag law (Extreme Risk Protection Order, or ERPO) in effect, and SB 749 (2026) — the ban on selling, transferring or importing \"assault firearms\" — took effect on July 1, 2026 but is blocked by preliminary injunctions. A Washington County Circuit Court ruling made the injunction statewide, barring all Virginia state and local law enforcement from enforcing the ban, with that order taking effect on July 21, 2026; that case is Santolla v. Katz, decided July 7, 2026. A Lancaster County injunction in Crump v. Katz also blocks it. The Attorney General is appealing and seeking a stay, with none granted as of this update. Enforcement is currently halted statewide, and possession of already-owned firearms is not restricted by SB 749.", "source_url": "https://lis.virginia.gov/bill-details/20261/SB749", "verified_at": "2026-07-20" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "vt", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.concealed_carry", "status": "permitted", "summary": "Permitless (\"constitutional\") carry — Vermont issues NO carry permits. Any person 18+ who may lawfully possess may carry openly or concealed without a permit.", "source_url": "https://dps.vermont.gov/content/new-vermont-gun-laws-faqs", "verified_at": "2026-07-12" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "vt", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.suppressor", "status": "conditional", "summary": "Legal — Vermont''s former total ban was amended (2015/2021) so 13 V.S.A. 4010 no longer bars mere possession of an NFA-compliant suppressor. Use is lawful at sport shooting ranges and, expressly, for taking game.", "source_url": "https://legislature.vermont.gov/statutes/section/13/085/04010", "verified_at": "2026-07-18" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "vt", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.duty_to_inform", "status": "info", "summary": "No duty to inform — Vermont has no carry-permit system at all, so there is no permit to present and no notification statute; 13 V.S.A. ch. 85 contains no such provision (carrying with intent to injure is the operative crime, § 4003).", "source_url": "https://legislature.vermont.gov/statutes/fullchapter/13/085", "verified_at": "2026-07-18" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "vt", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.open_carry", "status": "permitted", "summary": "Open carry of a handgun is legal in Vermont without a permit for anyone who may lawfully possess one.", "source_url": "https://dps.vermont.gov/content/new-vermont-gun-laws-faqs", "verified_at": "2026-05-31" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "vt", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.magazine_capacity", "status": "conditional", "summary": "Magazines over 15 rounds (handgun) or over 10 (long gun) may not be sold/transferred/imported; devices possessed before Apr 11, 2018 grandfathered.", "source_url": "https://dps.vermont.gov/content/new-vermont-gun-laws-faqs", "verified_at": "2026-05-31" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "vt", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.transport", "status": "permitted", "summary": "No permit needed (permitless); a person who may lawfully possess may carry a handgun in a private vehicle. No general handgun vehicle-transport restriction.", "source_url": "https://dps.vermont.gov/content/new-vermont-gun-laws-faqs", "verified_at": "2026-05-31" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "vt", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.possession", "status": "conditional", "summary": "Vermont has a red-flag law (Extreme Risk Protection Order, or ERPO) in effect, and while there is no assault-weapon ban, magazine limits do apply.", "source_url": "https://dps.vermont.gov/content/new-vermont-gun-laws-faqs", "verified_at": "2026-05-31" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "vt", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.reciprocity", "status": "info", "summary": "Permitless state that issues no permits; anyone who may lawfully possess may carry, regardless of home state or permit. No permit-recognition list.", "source_url": "https://dps.vermont.gov/content/new-vermont-gun-laws-faqs", "verified_at": "2026-05-31" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "wa", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.reciprocity", "status": "restricted", "summary": "Recognizes only non-resident permits from a narrow list of states meeting WA criteria (21+, fingerprint background + mental-health checks, mutual recognition). WA residents must hold a WA CPL.", "source_url": "https://www.atg.wa.gov/concealed-pistol-license-reciprocity", "verified_at": "2026-05-31" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "wa", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.suppressor", "status": "conditional", "summary": "Legal when federally registered — RCW 9.41.250 criminalizes only the USE of an UNregistered suppressor. Washington''s hunting rules (WAC 220-414) contain no suppressor prohibition, so hunting with a registered suppressor is allowed.", "source_url": "https://app.leg.wa.gov/rcw/default.aspx?cite=9.41.250", "verified_at": "2026-07-18" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "wa", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.duty_to_inform", "status": "conditional", "summary": "No proactive duty to volunteer — but every concealed-pistol licensee must have the CPL in immediate possession while carrying concealed and DISPLAY IT UPON DEMAND to any police officer (RCW 9.41.050(1)(b)); violation is a class 1 civil infraction, not a crime.", "source_url": "https://app.leg.wa.gov/RCW/default.aspx?cite=9.41.050", "verified_at": "2026-07-18" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "wa", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.magazine_capacity", "status": "conditional", "summary": "Possession of magazines over 10 rounds is allowed, but their manufacture, import, distribution, or sale is banned (RCW 9.41.370; effective July 1, 2022).", "source_url": "https://app.leg.wa.gov/RCW/default.aspx?cite=9.41.370", "verified_at": "2026-05-31" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "wa", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.concealed_carry", "status": "conditional", "summary": "Permit required (Concealed Pistol License); shall-issue — the police chief or county sheriff must issue within 30 days (60 days for newer residents) unless the applicant is disqualified. Minimum age 21. No safety-training certificate is required to obtain the CPL (RCW 9.41.070, including the version taking effect May 1, 2027).", "source_url": "https://app.leg.wa.gov/RCW/default.aspx?cite=9.41.070", "verified_at": "2026-07-06" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "wa", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.possession", "status": "restricted", "summary": "Washington has a red-flag law (Extreme Risk Protection Orders, or ERPOs), prohibits the sale and manufacture of certain semi-automatic \"assault weapons\" (2023), and bans the sale of large-capacity magazines.", "source_url": "https://www.atg.wa.gov/ConcealedWeapons/FAQ.aspx", "verified_at": "2026-05-31" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "wa", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.transport", "status": "conditional", "summary": "Without a CPL, a handgun in a vehicle must be unloaded (a CPL is required to carry a loaded handgun in a vehicle).", "source_url": "https://www.atg.wa.gov/ConcealedWeapons/FAQ.aspx", "verified_at": "2026-05-31" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "wa", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.open_carry", "status": "conditional", "summary": "Open carry of a loaded handgun is generally legal in Washington in most public places at 21 or older, without a Concealed Pistol License (CPL). A CPL is required to carry concealed or loaded in a vehicle. Open carry is barred at permitted demonstrations and at some locations.", "source_url": "https://www.atg.wa.gov/ConcealedWeapons/FAQ.aspx", "verified_at": "2026-05-31" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "wi", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.transport", "status": "conditional", "summary": "No license needed to transport an unloaded or loaded, uncased handgun in a vehicle (Safe Transport law). A CCW license is required to have a loaded handgun concealed and within reach.", "source_url": "https://dnr.wisconsin.gov/emergency/concealedCarry.html", "verified_at": "2026-05-31" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "wi", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.concealed_carry", "status": "conditional", "summary": "Permit required to carry concealed — shall-issue Concealed Carry License via DOJ. Minimum age 21; training required.", "source_url": "https://www.wisdoj.gov/Pages/PublicSafety/concealed-carry-weapon-license.aspx", "verified_at": "2026-07-12" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "wi", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.open_carry", "status": "permitted", "summary": "Open carry of a handgun is legal in Wisconsin without a license at 18 and older for anyone who may lawfully possess one.", "source_url": "https://www.wisdoj.gov/Pages/PublicSafety/concealed-carry-weapon-license.aspx", "verified_at": "2026-05-31" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "wi", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.suppressor", "status": "conditional", "summary": "Legal for civilians who complete the federal NFA process. Wis. Stat. 941.298 makes possessing a silencer a Class H felony, but subsection (3)(c) exempts anyone who has complied with federal licensing/registration. Hunting with a suppressor is legal.", "source_url": "https://docs.legis.wisconsin.gov/statutes/statutes/941.pdf", "verified_at": "2026-07-18" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "wi", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.magazine_capacity", "status": "permitted", "summary": "No state law limits magazine capacity here — standard- and high-capacity magazines are legal to buy and possess under state law. Federal law sets no general capacity cap. A handful of cities nationwide have local rules, so verify locally if in doubt.", "source_url": "https://www.wisdoj.gov/Pages/PublicSafety/concealed-carry-weapon-license.aspx", "verified_at": "2026-06-07" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "wi", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.duty_to_inform", "status": "conditional", "summary": "No proactive duty — a licensee carrying a concealed weapon must display the license document and photo ID only UPON REQUEST of an officer acting in an official capacity with lawful authority (Wis. Stat. § 175.60(2g)(c)); the documents must be carried while armed (2g)(b). Penalty is a forfeiture up to $25, excused if presented to the officer's agency within 48 hours. Wisconsin has no permitless concealed carry.", "source_url": "https://docs.legis.wisconsin.gov/statutes/statutes/175.pdf", "verified_at": "2026-07-18" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "wi", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.reciprocity", "status": "conditional", "summary": "Recognizes (for holders 21+, non-residents) valid permits from a published DOJ list (~42 states/DC); some non-resident-only or class-limited. Not honored: ME, NJ, OR. WI residents need a WI CCW.", "source_url": "https://www.wisdoj.gov/Pages/PublicSafety/concealed-carry-weapon-reciprocity.aspx", "verified_at": "2026-05-31" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "wi", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.possession", "status": "permitted", "summary": "Wisconsin has no red-flag law (also called an Extreme Risk Protection Order, or ERPO), and no assault-weapon ban or limit on magazine capacity.", "source_url": "https://www.wisdoj.gov/Pages/PublicSafety/concealed-carry-weapon-license.aspx", "verified_at": "2026-05-31" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "wv", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.concealed_carry", "status": "permitted", "summary": "Permitless carry. No license required; anyone 21+ who may lawfully possess may carry concealed. Provisional license for 18-20. Optional license available.", "source_url": "https://ago.wv.gov/photo-call-out/gun-reciprocity-information", "verified_at": "2026-07-12" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "wv", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.duty_to_inform", "status": "info", "summary": "No statutory duty to inform and — unusually — no duty to carry or display the license at all: W. Va. Code §§ 61-7-4 and 61-7-4a contain no inform, carry-on-person, or display-on-demand requirement. Adults 21+ may carry concealed without any license.", "source_url": "https://code.wvlegislature.gov/61-7-4/", "verified_at": "2026-07-18" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "wv", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.reciprocity", "status": "info", "summary": "Permitless state. WV recognizes out-of-state permits via reciprocity/recognition (holder 21+); the AG maintains the official list. Some non-resident WV-held permits may not be honored elsewhere.", "source_url": "https://ago.wv.gov/photo-call-out/gun-reciprocity-information", "verified_at": "2026-05-31" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "wv", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.magazine_capacity", "status": "permitted", "summary": "No state law limits magazine capacity here — standard- and high-capacity magazines are legal to buy and possess under state law. Federal law sets no general capacity cap. A handful of cities nationwide have local rules, so verify locally if in doubt.", "source_url": "https://ago.wv.gov/photo-call-out/gun-reciprocity-information", "verified_at": "2026-06-07" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "wv", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.suppressor", "status": "conditional", "summary": "Legal when federally NFA-compliant — no statute bans possession of a registered suppressor. Hunting with a suppressor is permitted; W. Va. Code 20-2-5 (unlawful methods of hunting) includes no suppressor entry.", "source_url": "https://code.wvlegislature.gov/20-2-5/", "verified_at": "2026-07-18" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "wv", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.open_carry", "status": "permitted", "summary": "Open carry of a handgun is legal in West Virginia without a license at 18 and older for anyone who may lawfully possess one.", "source_url": "https://ago.wv.gov/photo-call-out/gun-reciprocity-information", "verified_at": "2026-05-31" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "wv", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.possession", "status": "permitted", "summary": "West Virginia has no red-flag law (also called an Extreme Risk Protection Order, or ERPO), and no assault-weapon ban or limit on magazine capacity.", "source_url": "https://ago.wv.gov/photo-call-out/gun-reciprocity-information", "verified_at": "2026-05-31" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "wv", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.transport", "status": "permitted", "summary": "No permit needed; a person 21+ who may lawfully possess may carry a concealed handgun in a vehicle without a license.", "source_url": "https://ago.wv.gov/photo-call-out/gun-reciprocity-information", "verified_at": "2026-05-31" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "wy", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.reciprocity", "status": "info", "summary": "Permitless state. Wyoming recognizes permits from a published DCI reciprocity list. Out-of-state permit must be valid statewide.", "source_url": "https://wyomingdci.wyo.gov/criminal-justice-information-services-cjis/concealed-firearm-permits/cfp-faq", "verified_at": "2026-05-31" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "wy", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.magazine_capacity", "status": "permitted", "summary": "No state law limits magazine capacity here — standard- and high-capacity magazines are legal to buy and possess under state law. Federal law sets no general capacity cap. A handful of cities nationwide have local rules, so verify locally if in doubt.", "source_url": "https://wyomingdci.wyo.gov/criminal-justice-information-services-cjis/concealed-firearm-permits", "verified_at": "2026-06-07" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "wy", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.concealed_carry", "status": "permitted", "summary": "Permitless carry. No permit required; any person 21+ (resident or non-resident) who may lawfully possess may carry concealed. Optional permit (min age lowered to 18 effective 2026, HB 96).", "source_url": "https://wyomingdci.wyo.gov/criminal-justice-information-services-cjis/concealed-firearm-permits", "verified_at": "2026-07-12" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "wy", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.suppressor", "status": "conditional", "summary": "Legal — Wyoming has no statute banning civilian ownership, so possession is lawful through the federal NFA process. W.S. 23-3-112 (amended 2013) permits hunting with a legally owned suppressor.", "source_url": "https://wyoleg.gov/2013/Bills/HB0005.pdf", "verified_at": "2026-07-18" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "wy", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.duty_to_inform", "status": "conditional", "summary": "No proactive duty — a permittee must carry the permit with valid identification whenever carrying concealed and display both UPON REQUEST of any peace officer (Wyo. Stat. § 6-8-104(b)). Wyoming is a constitutional-carry state: permitless carriers under § 6-8-104(a)(iv) have no statutory duty to inform or present.", "source_url": "https://wyoleg.gov/statutes/compress/title06.pdf", "verified_at": "2026-07-18" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "wy", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.open_carry", "status": "permitted", "summary": "Open carry of a handgun is legal in Wyoming without a permit at 18 and older for anyone who may lawfully possess one.", "source_url": "https://wyomingdci.wyo.gov/criminal-justice-information-services-cjis/concealed-firearm-permits", "verified_at": "2026-05-31" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "wy", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.possession", "status": "permitted", "summary": "Wyoming has no red-flag law (also called an Extreme Risk Protection Order, or ERPO) — a 2024 law bars enforcement of red-flag seizure orders — and no assault-weapon ban or limit on magazine capacity.", "source_url": "https://wyomingdci.wyo.gov/criminal-justice-information-services-cjis/concealed-firearm-permits", "verified_at": "2026-05-31" }, { "jurisdiction_id": "wy", "category_id": "firearms", "subcategory_id": "firearms.transport", "status": "permitted", "summary": "No permit needed; a person 21+ who may lawfully possess may carry a concealed handgun in a vehicle without a permit.", "source_url": "https://wyomingdci.wyo.gov/criminal-justice-information-services-cjis/concealed-firearm-permits", "verified_at": "2026-05-31" } ] }